Redden History

Part 1

The

REDDEN

Family

Introduction

I recall a memorable occasion when I was headed to a hockey arena in Ernesttown, Ontario for a hockey game. I was playing for the Warkworth Juvenile hockey team during the 1994/95 season and the only thoughts on my mind were thoughts about winning the game. My father (Brian) was going to the game with me and we were using the "Redden's Cable TV" van. When we stopped at a gas station for fuel, a man noticed the name "Redden's" on the van and asked us, "...are you by any chance descendants of the Redden who was hanged?" We had no idea what he was talking about. I remember the man mentioning that he was doing research on the Reddens who were loyalists during the American War Of Independence. But I had no idea who my great great grandparents were. Therefore I could not answer his questions. I regret not asking the man for his name, but his questions on that occasion led to my desire, and my father's desire, to find out who the Reddens were, where they came from and what it was that they accomplished.

One of the first things that I did, was I contacted a lady in Ottawa, Ontario who had written a book on the Redden family. Her name is Marion (Redden) Bradley and the book that she wrote in the 1980's is titled The Reddens: A Family History, 1753 - 1981. My father and I visited her in Ottawa, during the summer of 1996, and the first thing that I noticed was that she really looked like a Redden. Her book outlined the history of the Redden family extremely well and helped us a great deal. We discovered that she was a distant cousin and we figured out how we were connected. Her great great grandfather is Abraham Redden and his brother George is my father's great-great-grandfather. We learned more about the Reddens, but the problem was that her book did not include our side of the Redden family. Therefore it had been decided that I would pursue a great deal of information on my Redden ancestors and put together a book for my family.

Even though the Redden name is not found to be prominent across North America there are many members and descendants of the Redden family. There also is plenty of information on the family to be discovered and a great deal of reading to be done on its Loyalist legacy. This book is an attempt to minimize a vast array of information. But there are many books I read that are not included. Therefore I suggest that anyone who desires further information not found in this book spend some time doing their own searching with their favourite beverage at their side.

I hope that my book will find its place on the bookshelves of those who are Reddens and those who are descendants of the Redden family. I also hope that historians and the people of future generations will use my interpretation to create a better account of the Redden family and its history, and if they do, "my reward will be abundant."

ANDREW REDDEN

Naseby Street

Campbellford, Ontario, Canada

May 21, 1997

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KEY TO GENERATIONS

I - 1st generation born in North America; 1 - 2nd generation; (1) - 3rd generation;

*1 - 4th generation; #1 - 5th generation; $1 - 6th generation;

@1 - 7th generation; %1 - 8th generation; +1 - 9th generation

b. - born, d. - died, m. - married

EDWARD REDDEN AND JACOBA LEWIS

(First Redden In North America From Ireland)

I. David Redden - b. 1754; d. Executed June 11, 1778 in Bennington, Vermont. m. Never

married; Presently buried (since 1976) in the Old First Church cemetery in Bennington.

II. Mary Redden - b. 1756; (baptized on May 6, 1756 at the Trinity Church in Albany); d. Date

of death unknown; m. May 1, 1774 to George Fisher at the Dutch Reformed Church in

Schaghticoke, N.Y.

III. * Francis Redden - b. 1759; d. Date of death unknown; m. April 13, 1789 to Elizabeth

Snider in Ernesttown by Reverend Langhorn; Francis is believed to be buried at

Concession 1 Lot 22 in Ernesttown Township.

IV. Elizabeth Redden - b. 1761; d. Date of death unknown; m. to John Young; They settled

in Fredericksburg township in 1784.

Another son or brother of Edward may have been Samuel Redden (Redding). Samuel is listed in a British Grenadier Co. during the War Of Independence and supposedly lived next to Edward in the 1790 census of Connecticut. This information was obtained from Thomas Hanson in Texas. Thomas also found in his research that the estate of a J. Lewis had been confiscated at the end of the War. It is possible that this person was, or is connected, to Edward's wife Jacoba.

“David Redding Loyalist Executed 1778”

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Earliest Information Known

About Redden Ancestors

Marion Bradley's book, The Reddens, A Family History, 1753 - 1981, tells the Redden history well and I wish to now use some of her information:

"Redden is an old (Ireland) surname in Donegal, Monaghan and Claire as

well as in Tipperary. They held a considerable amount of property in Clare

near Six-Mile bridge down to the Cromwellian Confiscations. They were

stewards of the O'Brians and McNamaras. On a tombstone in East Clare,

dated 1619, the name is written "Rodan", while in an inquisition of 1618, it

is "O'Ruddan". In the Parish of Quin, there is Redden's Quay. The name is

well known, in present times, in literary and legal circles in Dublin, where it is

spelled "Reddin". In County Leix, there is a "Reddenswalk", and in Co-Tipperary,

a "Redden's Cross".(Marion Bradley, p. 1)

Marion Bradley told me that she found much of her information when she visited Ireland. She wrote in her book:

In a townland's record of Buggaum, Tipperary, 1820, I found Redden and

Lewis families listed in the Killavenogh parish -- "John Redden, 4 acres.

John Redden and Frank Lewis, 3 acres. Frank Lewis, 2 acres".(Marion Bradley, p. 2)

Bradley's discovery leads to an easy assumption that both Edward's and Jacoba Lewis' families came from the Killavenogh area. Killavenogh is "a parish union of Roscea; in the barony of Therrin, County of Tipperary, in the province of Munster; four miles N.E. of Templemore on the road to Rathdowney."(Marion Bradley, p. 2)

But while the Redden name is known to be Irish, it also has its Scottish roots. Marion Bradley, was told by David Redden of Victoria, B.C. that the Reddens "were Danes, who came to Scotland with an early invasion and were engineers and bridge builders. They settled near the border in 1225."(4) The Reddens eventually made their way to Ireland around 1525 when Henry VIII invaded Scotland and burned all of their settlements.(Marion Bradley, p. 3) Supposedly there is a "Reddenhall" in Norfolk, England and a "Reddenburn" in Scotland.

The preceding information leads to what the Reddens do know, and that is that Edward

Redden, "a young man, born in Ireland, living in Poughkeepsie, Dutchess Co. N.Y., married Jacoba Lewis, a young woman, born and living in Poughkeepsie, in 1753."(Marion Bradley, p. 5) They are believed to have moved to the Albany area and then to the Hoosac region.(Marion Bradley, p. 5) Edward was a United Empire Loyalist and a British soldier during the American War Of Independence, and he fought at the Battle of Bennington and Saratoga in 1777. He was later detained with his son David in Albany, New York in 1778, but he was later released under bond and some believe that he escaped. It is believed that Edward remained in the United States following the end of the war and he could have been married a second time.

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Edward is my great-great-great-great-great-grandfather, and as previously mentioned, he is believed to have come to North America from Ireland. The Redden family of today is unsure of who Edward's parents actually were. But we do know where he lived and we do know what he was. When my father and I visited the New York State Library in Albany, we found a book which contained a list of United Empire Loyalist soldiers. The book contained the name "Edward Redins" who was listed as being a member of the "8th regiment" in the British army during the American War Of Independence.

I. DAVID REDDEN

David lived a short life and he was never married. He has no known children. His execution plays a key role in the history of the United States of America.

II. MARY REDDEN

Unfortunately, at the time of this printing, I did not have enough information on Mary to write about who she was and who her descendants were. I do know that she was born in 1756, and was married to George Fisher on May 1, 1774, at the Dutch Reformed Church in Schaghticoke, N.Y. Her son was Frederick Fisher born in 1775. He was baptized in the Dutch Reformed Church in Schaghticoke. Frederick settled in Canada in Storrington Township.

IV. ELIZABETH REDDEN

Also, at the time of this printing, I did not have enough information to write about Elizabeth and indicate her descendants. I do know that she was born in 1761 and married John Young. She settled in Fredericksburg Township in 1784.

III. FRANCIS REDDEN

(some information borrowed from Marion Bradley's book)

Francis Redden and Elizabeth Snider

First child may have been Mary – died January 1790; buried in Ernesttown.

1. John - o.c. (orders in council) in 1817 obtained land grant, two hundred acres, Loborough

Township; born in 1796; married Mary Ruttan; family: Daniel Redden who lived in

Loborough Township.

2. Simon - o.c. in 1817 on May 20, two hundred acres in Loborough Township; born in 1796;

married Sara Diamond.

3. Catherine - o.c. Feb. 27th, 1818, Ernesttown Township; born 1797.

4. Rebecca - o.c. Feb. 27, 1818, Concession 2, Lot 38, Ernesttown Township; born 1798;

married William Caton, July 2nd, 1809, Wesleyan Methodist.

5. Abraham - o.c. April 28th, 1830, grant given in Sombra Township. He exchanged for

Kingston Township, concession 4, Lot 8; born (circa) 1798; married Sarah

Smith.

6. Elizabeth - o.c. May 30, 1834; born 1800; married Jeremiah Storms and lived in Ernesttown

Township.

7. * George - o.c. Oct. 6th, 1831, Ernesttown Township; born in 1801; married Dec. 30, 1829 to

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Amarilla Storms (Storms family is also Loyalist) They lived in Seymour Township

according to the 1871 census

8. Jacob - o.c. May 31, 1831, Innisfel Township, Simcoe County; born in 1803.

9. Stephen - o.c. July I, 1830, Kingston Township; born 1808

10. Mary - o.c. June 27, 1833; married into the Timmerman family and lived in Ernesttown

Township.

11. Clarissa - o.c. May 18, 1833; born 1809; married William Storms and lived in Ernesttown

Township.

Family of Rebecca Redden and William Caton

(Daughter of Francis Redden and Elizabeth Snider)

(1). Mary - born in 1810

(2). Patrick - born in 1812; married to Eliza DeWitt.

*1.- Mary Jane - born Sept. 14, 1853; died Sept. 10, 1934; married to

Alfred George Shewell.

#1. - Edward Alfred Shewell - Mar. 1, 1877; died Apr. 3, 1953.

(3). Charity - born in 1822.

(4). William - born in 1827.

(5). John - born in 1833.

Family Of George Redden and Amarilla Storms

(Son of Francis Redden and Elizabeth Snider)

George's wife Amarilla was a Storms and she was born in 1810. Her father is Gilbert Storms born in 1779 and was married to Mary Moer. It is possible that Gilbert is the same Gilbert Storms of Marysburgh who “drowned, 18^th ult., in the lake by the upsetting of a boat, Dec. 8, 1852. This information came from More Notices from Methodist Papers 1830-1857 by Rev. Donald A. McKenzie. Gilbert’s father is Henry Storms. I have no further information.

Children of George and Amarilla

(1) * Henry - born April 29, 1830; married Lucy King; lived in Seymour

Township at the corner of "Mack Trail" road (north) and the 14th Line East.;

Henry died Dec. 25, 1893; buried Dec. 28, 1893 in Stanwood Cemetery

(just north of Stanwood United Church on Crowe River road).

(2) Harvey – born circa 1835; never married (?)

(3) Louisa Ann - born in 1844; married on Nov. 19, 1872 to George Riley.

(4) Elizabeth - born in 1847; married on Dec. 28, 1870 to Hugh McGowan.

Children are: Mary – born circa 1872

Martha – born circa 1874

Hannah – born circa 1876

Mahalah – born circa 1876

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Henry Redden and Lucy King

*1. Peter - born 1851 in Seymour Township; died 1902 in New York, U.S.A.; (Pedigree chart

from G.M. Shannon indicates Peter was illegitimate son of Lucy King before her

marriage to Henry.

*2. Sarah Ann - born 1854 in Seymour; died Feb. 8, 1934; married Ezekial Allen Hubble.

*3. Hannah Jane - born Aug. 12, 1855 in Seymour; died Feb. 14, 1944; married John

McArthur Nov. 14, 1883.

*4. Henry - born Feb. 11, 1859; died Sept. 26, 1940; married Harriet Maria Jacobs

Jan 1, 1881.

*5. Rueben - born in 1860; died in 1907; married Charlotte Emery.

*6. Joel - born July 28, 1861; died July 31, 1886; unmarried.

*7. Benjamin - born Feb. 26, 1865; died Feb. 10, 1916; married Elizabeth Jane Rowe on

Nov. 7, 1888.

*8. Lucy - born _____1869 in Seymour Twp.; died Mar. 5, 1933; married William Roe.

*9. Rose Ann - born May 11, 1870; died July 5, 1933; married Matthew Boyd on Dec. 4, 1895.

*10.* Levi - born July 23, 1873; died June 2, 1924, buried in Mount Pleasant Cemetery; married

Sarah Nicholas on May 8, 1896.

*11. William Wesley - born Aug. 8, 1874; died Nov. 8, 1943; married Joanna Collins on May 12,

1897.

*12. Hulda Malisa - born on April 12, 1877; died Nov. 26, 1933; married Charles Green on

Nov. 22, 1900.

*13. Amanda - born February, 1880; died Aug. 3, 1946; married James J. Owens.

*14. Baby

*15. Baby

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The source of the following death notice is unknown:

LUCY REDDEN

“At the residence of her son, Henry, in Campbellford, on the 1^st day of August, one of the oldest and best known residents of the township of Seymour, exchanged time for eternity in the person of Mrs. Lucy Redden, in the 69^th year of her age.

Fifty-two years ago the subject of this notice moved with her parents to the northern part of Seymour township, and shortly afterwards was married to her late husband, who pre-deceased her ten years. Mrs. Redden and her husband had to struggle with all the difficulties and privation incident to the home-maker in a new country, but their united efforts were crowned with considerable success. After the death of her husband, Mrs. Redden moved to Campbellford, where she resided among her children until her death. Mrs. Redden was greatly devoted to her family. Her thirteen children, of whom eleven survive her, six daughters and five sons were her constant care and interest. In early life our departed sister was converted to God, and united with the Bible Christian church in the neighbourhood, remaining a faithful and devoted member until the union of 1884.

Since then she has been a member of the United Church. Mrs. Redden’s life was a beautiful representation of the spirit of self-sacrifice for others, and of that noiseless benevolence which is in Heaven’s sight of great price. It must have been a great joy to our sister that in her last illness her large family were in close touch with her, nine of them living in the vicinity of Campbellford, and the other two on the old homestead in Seymour.

On Wednesday, August 3^rd, a short service was held in the home of her son, Henry, conducted by Rev. G.H. Copeland, the pastor of the Methodist church.

The body was then conveyed to the burying ground in her old neighbourhood, followed by a large circle of sorrowing relatives and many friends and neighbours. At the grave Rev. C.H. Fusee made some very suitable remarks after which all that was mortal of this noble woman was laid to rest to await the resurrection of the just.”

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Back Row: Benjamin Redden; Wesley Redden; Sarah Ann Redden; Joanna Collins; Reuben Redden; Matthew Boyd;

Levi Redden; Sarah Nicholas

Centre Row: Henry Redden JR.; Elizabeth Jane Rowe; Ezekial Hubble; Lucy (King) Redden; Rose Ann Redden;

Charlotte Emery

Front Row: Harriet Maria Jacobs; Lucy Redden; Amanda Redden; Hulda Malissa Redden

Missing: Henry Redden SR. (Father); Peter Redden; Hannah Jane Redden; Joel Redden

*1. Peter (King) Redden and Sarah ____________

Peter moved to the U.S.A. and changed his surname to King after a dispute with his father, which involved Henry throwing a shoe at Peter and telling him never to set foot in his house again!

#1. Rufus Redden - born ______________.

#2. Lucy Redden - born ______________, married into the Hovey family. In 1959, Lucy lived at

324 76^th street in North Bergen, New Jersey, U.S.A.

*2. Sarah Ann Redden and Ezekial Allen Hubble

#1. Margorie Hubble - born Feb. 23, 1876 in Campbellford; died Nov. 22, 1933; married

Dec. 4, 1895 to William Ernest Dunk.

#2. Edward Hubble - born Feb. 14, 1885 in Campbellford; died Feb. 14, 1967; married

Dec. 24, 1913 to Ethel A. Rannie.

#3. Flossie Eva Hubble - born _______1892 in Campbellford; died May 15, 1954; married

to Cecil Roy McConnel.

#4. Stewart Angus Hubble - born ________1897 in Campbellford; died Aug. 17, 1949; never

married.

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#5. Emma Hubble - born _________ in Campbellford; died __________; married to Ira Bassett.

*3. Hannah Jane Redden and John McArthur

#1. John McArthur - born May 22, 1886 in Campbellford; died June 15, 1952; never married.

#2. Joel Henry McArthur - born Oct. 26, 1887 in Campbellford; died Jan. 23, 1963; married

in 1910 to Annie Abar.

#3. Hugh Neil McArthur - born Aug. 16, 1889 in Campbellford; died __(child)__1890.

#4. Fred Arthur Currie McArthur - born Mar. 11, 1891 in Campbellford; died Dec. 30, 1974;

married Aug. 1921 to Florence May Scofield.

#5. Hugh Franklyn McArthur - born June 10, 1893 in Campbellford; died Sept. 20, 1978;

married 1936 to Martha Martin.

#6. Maggie May McArthur - born Nov. 15, 1895 in Campbellford; died _(child)_1896.

#7. Hector Raymond McArthur - born Mar. 28, 1897 in Campbellford; died Jan. 28, 1960;

married 1919 to Grace Eila Wade.

#8. Reta May McArthur - born Apr. 22, 1903 in Campbellford; died __________; married

Oct. 26, 1926 to Harry George Revoy.

*4. Henry Redden and Harriet Maria Jacobs

The Campbellford Herald on October 3, 1940, as provided in Anna Joan Buxton’s 1996 account of the The King Family History, provides the following on Henry upon his death:

“Henry Redden Dies at Advanced Age. Another of the pioneers of this district,

Henry Redden, passed away at the family residence, George Street, on Thursday

morning last, in his eighty-second year. The late Mr. Redden was born in Seymour

Township in the vicinity of Stanwood, on February 11^th, 1859, his parents being

Mr. & Mrs. Henry Redden, United Empire Loyalists, who had previously come to

Canada from the State of New York. (CORRECTION: Henry’s grandparents were

United Empire Loyalist). As a young man, he married Miss Harriett Jacobs, who

predeceased him in 1921. About fifty-seven years ago, they came to Campbellford

to reside. For some years, Mr. Redden operated a sawmill and took up the making

of cheese boxes, later entering the business of builder and contractor, and many

houses in the town still stand as a credit to his skill in this line. For a number of

years, he served as a member of the Campbellford Municipal Council, and took a

keen interest in the development of the Campbellford power on the part of the town,

the erection of the present plant at Crowe Bay, and the later formation of a Commission

to have charge of this department of the affairs of the corporation. A member of the

Methodist, now United Church, he was for a number of years on the Official Board.

Having an active and busy life, about three years ago failing health caused him to retire

from his activities and recently was confined to his room, passing away as above stated.”

#1. Jessie Helena - born Jan. 1, 1882 in Campbellford; died Mar. 11, 1959; married

June 18, 1906 to Thomas Egerton Williamson.

$1. Donald E. Williamson – born 1907

$2. Gwendolyn H. Williamson – born 1908

$3. Clarence David Williamson – born 1910

$4. Henry Osbourne Williamson – born 1914; married Margaret Puline Walters

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@1. Kent Thomas Williamson – born 1941; married

Fay Josphine Robinson

%1. Coral Laurice Williamson – born 1961

%2. Bailey E. Williamson – born 1963

@2. Janice Rilla Williamson – born 1944; married

Donald Lyall Thompson

%1. Scott Lyall Thompson – b. 1967

%2. Ian Jason Thompson – b. 1968

%3. Ryan Donald Thompson – b. 1971

@3. Wesley Osbourne Williamson – born 1946; married

Linda Yerex

%1. Lorelei Dawn Williamson – b. 1966

%2. Nicole May Williamson – b. 1967

%3. Barbara Pauline Williamson – b. 1970

@4. Norma Williamson – born 1940

@5. Lorna Williamson – born 1940

$5. James Douglas H. Williamson – born 1915

#2. Arthur - born June 22, 1884 in Campbellford; died Dec. 15, 1960; married May 1, 1907

to Louise Mae Little.

#3. Joel Edward - born Aug. 29, 1886 in Campbellford; died May 1888 (child).

#4. Elsie Edna - born July 21, 1889 in Campbellford; died Feb. 13, 1978; never married.

#5. Emma Louisa - born June 14, 1891 in Campbellford; died April 11, 1966 in

New Westminister, B.C.; married

July 2, 1913 to Robert William Conn.

$1. Barbara Patricia Conn - born Jan. 3, 1922; married June 20, _____; married

Allan Wark.

@1. Patricia Louise Wark - born Feb. 19, 1948.

@2. Donald Albert Wark - born Jan. 29, 1951.

@3. Roger Allan Wark - Mar. 1, 1953.

$2. Robert William Conn - born June 5, 1931; married June 18, 1954 to

Alma Helmer. (DIVORCED)

@1. Michael Conn - born _______________

- 2nd wife Margo ---- @2. Diane Conn - born _________________

@3. David Conn - born _________________

#6. Harriet Eliza - born May 12, 1893 in Campbellford; died Nov. 30, 1960;married

Sept. 22, 1930 to George Hawthorne.

#7. James Jacob - born Sept. 22, 1895 in Campbellford; died Mar. 21, 1973; buried

March 24, 1973 in Toronto; married Feb. 2, 1920 to Edith Luella Bolton.

Private in Great World War and Prisoner of war in Germany.

$1. Jean Florence Jessie Redden - born May 19, 1921 in Campbellford; married

Aug. 24, 1940 to Kenneth Morris Wood, her

surname is now Seggie. (lives in Peterborough)

$2. James Jacob Redden - born July 14, 1924 in Campbellford; died July 27, 1924.

$3. Twin boys (stillborn at 6 months)

$4. Gwendolyn Elsie Redden - born Aug. 22, 1927 in Campbellford; married

Sept. 9, 1946 to Patrick Murphy.

$5. Beryl Edward Robert Redden - born Feb. 8, 1929 in Bracebridge; died

Jan.____, 1931.

$6. Ileane Redden - born Oct. 9, 1934 in Toronto; married _________ to

Alfred Arundull.

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#8. Harry Roy - born Dec. 16, 1897 in Campbellford; died Mar. 17, 1965; married

Mar. 7, 1923 to Noreen Stella Parker.

Private in Great World War with the 59^th Batt., C.E.F.

$1. Patricia Ellen Redden - born June 22, 1932; married Clarence G. Irwin.

(lives in Belleville)

$2. Marvin Roy Redden - born July 12, 1927; died April 16, 1934.

*5. Brethern Rueben Redden and Charlotte Emery

#1. Mabel - born _______, 1884 in Peterborough County; died Jan. 21, 1949; married

to Thomas Clayton Rowe.

#2. Harold - born ____________; died _____________; married ______________.

#3. Charles - born _____________; died ______________; married _____________.

#4. Russell - born _____________ ; died _______________; married ____________.

#5. Redvers Bullar - born Jan. 16, 1900 in Campbellford; died in 1981; married

July 24, 1917 to Sarah Elizabeth Gill.

#6. Ottolene - born Oct. 12, 1901 in Campbellford; died July 29, 1965; married

May 19, 1919 to Clarence Kitts.

#7. Eva Jerene - born May 7, 1903 in Campbellford; died __________; married

Nov. 25, 1933 to Ralston Easton.

#8. Gertrude - born ____________; died ________________; married Arthur Stockdale.

#9. Alfred - born _____________; died _________________; married Ida M.

#10 Lucy - born _____________; died __________________; married _______________.

*6. Joel Redden

Joel died at the young age of 25 when he drowned. I am not sure where the accident occurred. He is buried in the cemetery north of Stanwood on Crowe River Road, Seymour Township. The Redden family plot states: “All you young men as you pass by, pray, think of me, for you must die. Prepare for Death, make no delay. I, in my bloom, was snatched away.”

*7. Benjamin Redden and Elizabeth Jane Rowe

According to John Lisle in Stories My Father Told Me, Ben owned a threshing machine and is recognized as one of the first to do custom threshing in Seymour Township’s northern reaches.

Apparently, Ben didn’t hesitate to take any measure to get the job done. The following is an account from John Lisle:

It was the accepted arrangement that local farmers would each provide a stack

of firewood-fuel for the steam engine that drove the threshing machine. One

local farmer had gained a reputation of stinting on supply. The woodpile would

be dangerously depleted before the threshing was completed. It would be no

different on this occasion. Ben had just finished sawing up a pile of wood scraps

on the circular saw that was attached to the back and powered by the engine.

It was the last of the woodpile and still an hour of threshing to go. A time for action.

When the farmer arrived on the scene a short time later, he was visibly upset.

The rail fence that surrounded the barnyard was rapidly disappearing. Actually,

it was changing shape as Ben sawed it into blocks.

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“What are you doin’?” wailed the farmer. “Stokin’ my fire box” came the short reply.

“Well you can’t burn my fence!” “Nearly gone now” spoke Ben as he reached

for his axe. A wooden wheel barrow had caught his eye. “I guess this will be

next” he concluded, as he turned and attacked the barrow.

#1. Ethel - born Aug. 18, 1889 in Seymour Twp.; died 1985; married

Apr. 12, 1917 to Edgerton Roy Houghton.

$1. Eric Houghton – born 1918; 1923.

$2. Mervin (Marion) Houghton – deceased

$3. Rita Houghton – unmarried

$4. Doris Houghton -

#2. Daniel Garnet - born Apr. 12, 1892 in Seymour Twp.; died May 27, 1956; married

Aug. 27, 1919 to Emma May Irwin.

$1. Dorothy Jane - born 1921; 1^st married in 1947 to Harry Bridger.

@1. Patricia Dianne Bridger – 1^st married in 1970 to Julio Garrenza.

%1. Julio Raphael Garrenza – born 1971.

%2. Carlos Xavier Garrenza – born 1972.

%3. Julio Cesar Garrenza – born 1973.

- 2^nd marriage in 1983 to Venus Hi

%1. Genghis Philip Daniel Hi – born 1987.

%2. Leia Evelyn Hi – born 1991.

%3. Eva Michelle Hi – born 1997.

$2. Evelyn May – born 1924; 1^st married in 1960 to Alex Chalko (deceased).

2^nd marriage in 1988 to Ken McEwan

$3. Harold William Garnet – born 1926; married in 1950 to Edith May Glover

%1. Kathryn Jane – born 1951; died 1954.

%2. Marilyn Elaine – born 1954; married in 1976 to Donald

Wayne Laver.

+1. Kathryn Anna Laver – born 1978.

+2. Brent Andrew Laver – born 1982.

%3. Heather Elizabeth – born 1959; married in 1990 to

George Frederick Greer.

+1. Julian Redden Greer – born 1995.

#3. Carman - born Sept. 4, 1894 in Seymour Twp.; died Mar. 16, 1978, buried in Stanwood

United Church Cemetery; married March 6, 1918 to Violet Irene Anderson.

$1. Muriel – deceased; married Percy Lewis.

$2. Helen – married Morley Irwin.

$3. Myrtle – deceased; married Earl Dafoe.

$4. Betty – once married to Carson Elliott.

$4. Shirley – 1^st married to Junior Bennett, 2^nd marriage to George Oliver.

#5. Howard Benjamin - born Sept. 13, 1898 in Seymour Twp.; died July 7, 1982; married

Jan. 5, 1926 to Sophia Jack.

#4. Grace Elizabeth - born Nov. 10, 1900 in Seymour Twp.; died Apr. 1, 1978; married

June 4, 1927 to Nelson Lyle.

$1. Howard Lyle – deceased

$2. Jack Lyle – deceased

$3. Ethel Lyle – married into the Milne family

$4. Norma Lyle – married into the Hopkins family

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*8. Lucy Redden and William Roe

#1. William Henry Roe - born Mar. 17, 1888 in Campbellford; died Aug. 12, 1953; married

to Clementine Hunter (first marriage).

#2. Charles Alexander Roe - born Jan. 30, 1892 in Campbellford; died Nov. 13, 1968;

married in 1913 to Elsie Grace Abernathy.

*9. Rose Ann Redden and Matthew Boyd

#1. Henrietta Pearl Boyd - born June 9, 1892 in Campbellford; died March 1, 1979; married

May 14, 1913 to George Hamilton Couch.

#2. Charles Wesley Boyd - born Oct. 11, 1896 in Campbellford; died Jan. 20, 1973; married

April 28, 1920 to Gladys Anne Stewart.

#3. William Henry Boyd - born Apr. 28, 1898 in Campbellford; died ____________; married

Sept. 12, 1917 to Elizabeth Adams.

#4. James Matthew Boyd - born June 29, 1904 in Campbellford; died ___________; married

Aug. 29, 1930 to Elizabeth Hume McDonald.

*10. Levi Redden and Sarah Nicholas

#1. Laura Alice - born at Healey Falls on Sept. 1898; died ______; married on April 14, 1915

to Charles M. Skinner (a "pile driver" for Richardson Construction)

#2. Baby Boy - born May 8, 1904 in Campbellford; died May 20, 1904.

#3. Earl George - born July 27, 1906 in Campbellford; died August 29, 1977; married

Mary Helen Hardy on Jan. 30, 1935.

#4.* Charles Levi - born on Aug. 14, 1908 in Campbellford; died _______; buried in Mount

Pleasant Cemetery Campbellford; married Inez Mable

Carswell on Nov. 24, 1937.

$1. Charles Beverley - born Dec. 24, 1941; married Oct. 13, 1962 to Anne Mildred

Pomeroy. (lives in Campbellford, Ont.)

@1. Catherine Elizabeth - born May 17, 1963 in Campbellford; married

Sept. 19, 1981 to Randy Fisher. (lives in Campbellford)

%1. Ryan Fisher - born Jan. 22, 1984.

@2. Steven Charles - born June 11, 1964 in Campbellford; married

May 17, 1986 to Valerie Michel. (lives in Campbellford)

%1. Michel Redden - born July 8, 1988.

@3. Craig Phillip- born Apr. 24, 1970 in Campbellford.

(lives in Campbellford)

%1. Kelly Redden - born Jan. 21, 1996.

(mother) Charmaine McLean.

$2. Brian Carswell - born Mar. 12, 1946 in Campbellford; married July 21, 1973 to

Catherine Clement Down. (lives in Campbellford)

@1. Andrew William - born Nov. 1, 1976 in Campbellford, married

Oct. 29, 2005 to Meaghan St.Germain. (lives in Belleville)

@2. Ian Thomas - born Apr. 5, 1978 in Campbellford.

-14-

#5. Josephine Ailene - born Sept. 20, 1914 in Campbellford; died _______; married Wellington

Green on Nov. 28, 1959.

Josephine was of course the youngest of Levi and Sarah’s children. I remember how my mother used to always send her a basket of treats every Christmas, but we never received anything in return. Until one year when my Dad took over her present and there were two “huge” candy canes waiting for Ian and I. I was with my Dad that day and I remember we had a nice visit.

*11. William Wesley Redden and Joanna Collins

#1. Rufus Edward - born Jan. 7, 1901 in Seymour Twp.; died June 15, 1975, Norwood, Ontario;

married May 24, 1935 to Dorcas Luella Nixon.

$1. Joel Keith – born Feb. 5, 1936 in Trent River; died June 9, 1978 in Campbellford;

married Oct. 10, 1959 to Marilyn Ann Earnshaw

@1. Wesley Joel Edward – born Jan. 11, 1966

@2. Geoffery Keith – born Sept. 30, 1967.

$2. Morris Edward – born June 30, 1938 in Trent River; died Jan. 16, 1990 in Trent

River; married Grace Lake.

@1. Morris Gregory Raymond – born July 31, 1959 in Peterborough

County; married May Chow.

%1. Tyler Edward – born April 14, 1993.

Second Marriage in 1991 to Lindy Emerencia Holczer in Calgary

@2. Reese Donovan – born Dec. 3, 1992.

Morris Edward’s Second Marriage Oct. 15, 1965 to Charlotte Jean Hoard.

@2. Peter Charles – born Nov. 23, 1966 in Scarborough;

married March 19, 1993 to Lee Ellen Fredericks

%1. Mikayla Ashley – born Nov. 6, 1990 in Peterborough.

%2. Blake Edward – born Aug. 8, 1993 in Peterborough.

%3. Holly Morgan – born April 23, 1996 in Peterborough.

@3. Julie Dianne – born July 22, 1970 in Peterborough;

married Oct. 21, 1989 to Peter Jeffrey Elgie.

%1. Charlotte Adrienne Elgie – born Oct. 7, 1995

$3. Wilma Joanna – born March 15, 1942; married May 7, 1960 to Terrence Arnold

Haig.

@1. Kimberly Ann Haig – born Dec. 7, 1960 in Peterborough;

married Sept. 15, 1979 to

Winston Gordon Crawford

%1. Joel Lyndon Crawford – born Sept. 4, 1985

%2. Tara Ellen Crawford – born April 6, 1989

@2. Shelley Dawn Haig – born April 10, 1962 in Peterborough;

married April 27, 1984 to

Ronald Frederick Parcells

%1. Reginald Peter Parcells – born August 7, 1986

%2. Maggie Jane Parcells – born June, 1988

%3. Ronald Chad Parcells – born August 1, 1990

@3. Gerald Edward Haig – born Dec. 7, 1964 in Peterborough;

married Oct. 2, 1989 to Deborah Lynn Wilson

%1. Gerald Andrew Haig – born July 20, 1990

%2. Hunter Haig – born September 13, 1993.

@4. Susan Irene Haig – born Jan. 19, 1966 in Peterborough;

married Dec. 30, 1983 to David Neil Garrett

-15-

%1. Kelly Sue Garrett – born June 13, 1984

%2. Corey David Garrett – born Oct. 7, 1987

%3. Julie Ann Garrett – born Dec. 23, 1989

%4. Adam Neil Garrett – born Nov. 2, 1993

@5. Jane Luella Haig – born Jan. 17, 1972 in Peterborough;

married May 25, 1996 to Jason Boyle

%1. Tristen Charles Boyle – born July 20, 1997

#2. Eva Myrtle - born Mar. 23, 1878 in Seymour Twp.; died Mar. 15, 1899 (child).

*12. Hulda Malisa Redden and Robert Roe

#1. Oliva May Redden - born Nov. 7, 1893 in Seymour Twp.; died June 22, 1955; married

Jan. 27, 1909 to William Alexander Shannon.

$1. Audrey Doris Shannon - born Apr. 23, 1910 in Campbellford; died ___________;

married Aug. 25, 1928 to Fred Henry Lancaster .

$2. Frances Lillian Shannon - born July 16, 1911 in Campbellford; died __________;

married Mar. 9, 1946 to Arthur William Manser.

$3. Richard Selwyn Shannon - born Jan. 30, 1915 in Kingston; died

Nov. 29, 1922 (child).

$4. Thelma Kathleen Shannon - born Mar. 13, 1918 in Campbellford;

died __________ ; married Oct. 31, 1938

to Charles Wesley McMaster.

$5. George Melville Shannon - born Apr. 3, 1921 in Peterborough;

died _____________; married Nov. 2, 1946

to Dorothy Barbara Franks.

*13. Amanda Redden and James Joseph Owens

#1. Francis Edward Owens - born Mar. 31, 1903 in Campbellford; died July 16, 1977;

married June 20, 1925 to Edith Hole.

#2. Carl Henry Owens - born Feb. 16, 1904 in Campbellford; died Nov. 8, 1968; married

June 24, 1936 to Cora May Irwin.

#3. Walter James Owens - born Mar. 18, 1905 in Campbellford; died June 22, 1976;

married ________ to Thelma Scott.

#4. Edward Arthur Owens - born Nov. 29, 1908 in Campbellford; died Jan. 12. 1979;

married June 14, 1933 to Vera Rebecca Godden.

#5. Harry Stewart Owens - born Dec. 17, 1909 in Campbellford; died ____________;

married Oct. 2, 1937 to Leta Malinda Mason.

#6. Donald Owens - born May 26, 1917, died _____________; married __________

to Maisie Goodwin.

Family of

Levi Redden and Sarah Nicholas

-17-

Levi Redden, much like his father Henry, earned his reputation in Campbellford and Seymour Township as a carpenter. He built several houses, including the one he and his family lived in, located at the corner of Bridge Street West and Simpson Street in Campbellford. Levi lived there for approximately twenty years and the sawmill that he owned was located across the road, next to "Trout creek", on the property now owned by Steve Stapley.

Shortly before his death, Levi and his wife Sarah Nicholas, were convinced by their daughter Laura and son-in-law Charles "Charlie" Skinner (who lived in Toronto) that it would be a wise choice if they too moved to Toronto. Levi knew Charlie very well as they both worked on the construction of the generating station at the world famous Healey Falls on the Trent-Severn Waterway. And so Levi took Laura and Charlie's advice seriously and later decided that moving would be a good choice. He bought a farm in the Toronto area, but he soon discovered that they were not happy there. So he brought his family back to Campbellford.

Around the time that they came back from Toronto, Levi's youngest son Charles (better known as "C.L.") was in his third year at Highschool in Campbellford. C.L. recalls being called home from school because his father was suffering from a stroke. Unfortunately Levi did not survive which forced C.L. to drop out of school. And Levi's other son Earl had to quit his job as a "chauffeur" for the police force in Toronto. Both sons had to finish the construction jobs that their father had not been able to finish. There was also a great deal of dept to overcome, leading to their mother being forced to sell their home.

At that point, Levi's widowed wife Sarah was forced to move to Toronto to live with her daughter Laura, where she would find jobs cleaning offices in the evenings. But they would later return to Campbellford, and eventually Sarah would live with her youngest daughter Josephine until her death.

It has been said of Levi that he was terribly tough on his children. But when his son C.L. was asked about this, he denied any possibility that his father was ever “hard on him". Levi has also been described as a very skilled man with the ability to repair and build. This is something that is believed to be a trait that is passed down through the generations of Reddens. Levi was also described as a quiet but hardworking man. And as for his wife Sarah-Nicholas-Redden, she is said to have had a "twinkle" in her eye. "One of the nicest ladies you could ever meet". My father Brian, remembers the bread she used to make, and describes it as the best tasting and the biggest.

The oldest son in the family, Earl Redden, married Helen Hardy. When her parents died they moved into their home which was on a farm in the Morganston area. An interesting point to mention about Earl is that he invented a "tightening post" for batteries to keep connections on the battery secure. He had someone draw the design for him but his invention did not bring him success. This was one of the many inventions that he produced. It is said that he did not purchase too many items for his farm and home. He mostly created what he needed.

Earl's brother C.L., which of course is my grandfather, was a fabulous creater too. From my own memory I can remember seeing several diagrams that he created which were guidelines for a new kitchen or a new bathroom. And one creation that is still with us today, is the cottage that he designed and built which is located in Brighton Township at the end of Huff Road on Lake Ontario. But most of his life was spent working for the Canadian National Railway. He had the job as a station agent and worked in several areas. When he worked at the station in Brighton, my grandmother and my father and uncle Bev used to pick-him-up at the station and drive back to the cottage (the smaller one which is now the back shed). The years that he spent working at the Campbellford train station led him to feel sentimental towards its maintenance when it was recommended that it be demolished.

(Special thanks to my father for providing the preceding information)

-18-

The following article appeared in the Wednesday, April 23, 1980 edition of the Campbellford Herald:

Redden spent 44 yrs. working for CNR--wants station saved

“Convert it into a senior citizens' clubhouse has been one proposal submitted for the revitalization of the Campbellford railway station. Charlie Redden has another suggestion: restore it as a town museum.

The community currently lacks such a facility and the station, as one of Campbellford's prominent landmarks, would serve as an ideal repository for the town's history and, concurrently, a tourist attraction, Redden states.

"There are different ones, I suppose, who have put away personal possessions for antiques who, if they knew their articles would be put in a museum for such a purpose, wouldn't mind giving," Redden says: "I know I wouldn't."

Having a showcase for local artifacts' would be about as good a use as any," and obtaining a small engine to put out in front would add a nice touch” he volunteers.

The 71-year-old Victoria street resident has more than a passing interest in what becomes of the station. He spent 14 of his 52 years working for the Canadian National Railway at the Campbellford station –

-19-

in 1943-49 as its night operator and in 1961-69 as the ticket agent. He worked "pretty well all the stations on the main line from Scarborough straight on down to Brockville" but it was always Campbellford he called home for that was where he was born and where he chose to close out his career. As a seven-year-old boy in 1915, he had witnessed the station being built.

Redden can recall the station's heyday when he would see "as many as 100 carloads and more of pulpwood come in in one month to the pulp mill", then located at the south end of town, and grain trains "running 24 hours a day" from the east "especially all through the fall", he remembers. "That's when they had a night operator-the train movement was heavy."

And there were the passenger trains, one in the morning headed west and another one late at night coming back. A group of people would trek down to the station every night “just like clockwork” to catch the arrival of the 10 o’clock train “just to see who’d get off,” Redden says. “It wasn’t a large crowd, 10 to 15 or so who would come there steady,” and make the station into a kind of “meeting-place”, he reminisces.

By the 1960’s, the station was in its twilight years, with only the “odd freight train passing through,” he says. The passenger trains continued to operate but it wasn’t the same. In 1969, the CNR, for all intents and purposes, closed down the station but kept Redden on for another two years, more as a caretaker than anything, “to make it right with my pension,” he says.

Redden agrees that the mill site would be made into a “very attractive spot” to relocate the building. As far as moving it in its entirety, “I’ve always been thinking in terms of $10,000…judging from the figure of $2,500 that was put on it” twelve years ago when a transport firm considered buying and moving it across the street, and then adding in the cost of inflation since that estimate was made, “maybe four times that, to be on the safe side,” Redden calculates.

“It would be quite a lot cheaper” if, with the help of “a bee or something” or the efforts of a local service club, where free labor would be provided, the building was taken down and transplanted “piece by piece”, he suggests.

The only problem such a project might encounter would be posed by the station itself, specifically, the heavy B.C. fir that was used in its construction. “It isn’t like today’s lumber which is much too thin, Redden remarks. The renovation that would need to be performed on the exterior such as a new siding in spots, could be done as the station was being rebuilt, Redden says.

“I wouldn’t mind being involved in it myself if I were a few years younger. I know we (he and his wife, who also admits fondness for the memories the station revives) would be willing to contribute one way or another, even financially to some degree.”

“It’s the first I’ve heard of it,” pipes in a surprised Mrs. Redden with a chuckle, “but I go along with it.”

“I still feel sad to see it go.”

“The railway station has got a lot of memories,” Redden says. His only regret, which he feels keenly, is not having “kept a train register or things like that” to recall the past. “We were told to destroy all of the stuff that wasn’t picked up and used elsewhere so we haven’t got it,” he says with remorse. “You can’t keep everything.

“I have often wished I had take a picture just before they took the train order board down,” he laments, “a picture of everything, just the way it was.”

Ironically, the same pressure that led to the gradual discontinuance of the railroad – increasing use of car and trucks – may ultimately prove to be its salvation. “It could come to a day when gasoline and oil get to a point where we haven’t the money to afford it,” Redden says, “then I guess we would be glad to step up on a train.”

If it should ever come to pass that the passenger train returns to the branch serving Campbellford, it is then likely that Charlie Redden will be there buying the first ticket.”

-20-

I remember...

I remember my grandparents, Charles and Inez Redden, as being very kind and loving. It was as if they would do anything for their children and grandchildren. My grandfather especially, held great trust and faith in those that were close to him.

When I was a young man, I recall going to my grandparents’ house on Victoria Street in Campbelford with my mother. When we came by the house we noticed that only half of the front lawn was cut with the lawnmower sitting all by itself, and my grandfather's hat was sitting on the front steps. Where was he? My grandmother answered the side door of the porch, and when we came inside, my grandfather was laying down on the living room couch. It seemed that he had been feeling "light-headed" after a few minutes of cutting the lawn. When it was suggested that I finish, he suddenly was really happy! From that point forward, it was my job to cut the front lawn until I was ready to, or allowed to, cut the back lot with the lawn tractor. His extreme faith in me allowed me to quickly use the lawn tractor. Once I was finished cutting the lawn I would come in for a visit and they would always give me money and lots to drink and eat.

My grandparents’ house had alot of neat things. The old organ was really neat to play. And they had a great big eight-track cassette player from which I remember Abba was the choice of music. My grandfather later bought a state-of-the-art stereo system from my uncle's store which was quite something to play with. But of course it was so complex to my grandfather that I am not sure if he ever figured it out? It is very familiar to me because today I am lucky to have it in my possession.

I remember there was always harmonicas in my grandmother's sewing drawers. But they weren't there for long. And I suppose the best toy to play with was the old hockey game. It was an antique one with a goalie at both ends that would "swing" at the ball causing a war between two netminders.

But after all the "fooling around" at their house, it was time to head to bed. Sleeping was not that easy at my grandparents’ house because the heat was always turned-up way too high! And there was always the spooky sounds of “George the ghost!” Today, the house is owned by Ken Laird, and he claims that he has reason to think that there is a ghost present. My great grandmother died in one of the upstairs bedrooms. But as my grandmother used to say to my Dad, "Why would your grandmother want to come back to scare you?"

One fond memory I have is the one where every Christmas Day we would open our presents and then grandma and grandpa Redden would come over for breakfast. It seemed to me that every year my Mum and Dad would receive very large presents while my brother Ian and I would get the usual toys. One year, the two big packages they brought were for "the boys!" We soon discovered that it was a punching bag and boxing gloves! What a present for two young lads!

Today, I remember my grandfather as being a quiet man. Quiet, in the sense that he was not too outspoken. One example would be his lack of interest in his family background. My grandmother was always proud of hers. She used to talk a great deal about her family. Whether my grandfather knew as much about the Redden family remains a mystery. To him it was simply "Heinz 57".

Family Of Abraham Redden and Sarah Smith

(Son of Francis Redden and Elizabeth Snider)

(Brother of George Redden)

* Please refer to The Reddens by Marion (Redden) Bradley for more information on Abraham’s family. Use the “Key To Generations” provided on page 2 to understand the following generation codes.

(1). Isaac Redden - born 1826; died 1906; married Hester __________; Lived on concession 3,

Kinston twp.; (family) Alex and John (from 1871 census).

(2). John Redden - born 1830; died Feb. 20, 1909; married Mary Hendricks; both are buried

in Cataraqui United Church Cemetery.

*1. John Abraham - born Dec. 29, 1850; died Sept. 24, 1932; married

Anne Raworth; All children born in Ernesttown.

John Abraham purchased the farm on concession 1 in

Kingston Township (West) which was later sold and is

now called "Reddendale" and borders Lake Ontario.

He also sat on the Twp. council in the 1920's and

belonged to Bath Lodge when he died. Thanks to his

grandaughter, Marion Bradley, for the information.

#1. John Thomas - born March 8, 1876; died Nov. 19, 1951

in Lloydminster, Sask.; married Jessie

Thorpe Forward.

$1. Kenneth John - b. Apr. 4, 1908, Lloydminster;

married Rovene Tandy.

(family, all born in Lloydminster)

@1. Irene - b. June 26, 1935;

married Walter Kubilanski.

%1. Linda - b. Sept. 29, 1957;

m. Paul Jennings.

%2. Dianne - b. Oct. 10, 1959;

m. Adrian Bernardin.

%3. John - b. Oct. 9, 1956.

@2. John - b. Nov. 22, 1937;

married Kay Goosen.

%1. Daryl - b. Aug. 29, 1963.

%2. Kenneth - b. Aug. 20, 1967.

@3. Ronald - b. Apr. 26, 1940;

married Esther Rash.

%1. Carol - b. Apr. 29, 1970.

-22-

%2. Henry Clark - b. Aug. 3, 1971.

@4. Norman - b. June 16, 1944;

married Gail Aspinall.

%1. Steven - b. Oct. 9, 1964.

%2. Laura - b. Mar. 10, 1966.

%3. Shawn - b. Mar. 18, 1968.

%4. Bernie - b. July 12, 1969.

@5. Rae - b. Dec. 15, 1950;

married Norman Taylor.

%1. Dean - b. Jan. 20, 1971.

%2. Carrie - b. June 2, 1973.

%3. Shane - b. May 29, 1974.

@6. Lorne - b. June 7, 1954;

m. Michael Donahue.

%1. Bradley - b. June 27, 1972.

%2. Scott - b. Aug. 5, 1974.

%3. Rodney - b. Nov. 2, 1977.

$2. Phillis Anne - b. Dec. 29, 1908; married

Henry Pehrson.

@1. Raymond Henry - b. Nov. 6, 1931;

m. Sheila Mary Josephine McPeake.

%1. Laura - b. Nov. 1, 1956.

%2. Eric Raymond - b. Feb. 11, 1958.

%3. Neil Robert - b. Jan. 8, 1959.

%4. Gail Joan - b. July 6, 1960.

%5. Joel Brian - b. Nov. 24, 1962;

d. 1963.

%6. Mark Edward - b. Nov. 22, 1965.

%7. Wayne David - b. Sept. 20, 1968.

$3. Walter Gordon - b. Nov. 1909; d. Dec. 1929(?)

$4. Harold - b. Jan. 7, 1911, Lloydminster; d. 1981;

married Ellen Leeson.

@1. Donald - b. Mar. 27, 1943;

m. Lana Wilson.

%1. Debra - b. Feb. 28, 1966.

%2. Allan - b. Nov. 10, 1967; d. 1968.

%3. Thomas - b. Mar. 20, 1969.

@2. Rita - b. Jan. 23, 1945; m. Bruno Kelm.

%1. Carol - b. Aug. 19, 1964.

%2. Trenton - b. June 3, 1974.

@3. Lloyd - b. Nov. 3, 1946; m. Shirley Moon.

%1. Staci - b. Sept. 24, 1974.

%2. Trudi - b. July 26, 1977.

@4. Grant - b. June 24, 1948; m. Joan Bayford.

%1. Lorne - b. Apr. 30, 1971.

%2. Ryan - b. May 8, 1975.

$5. James Ernest - b. Feb. 21, 1914; married

Winona Bell Van Metre.

@1. Marion Winona - b. Mar. 11, 1944;

married Walter Albert Pollard.

%1. Carrie Patricia - b. Mar. 28, 1963.

%2. Sherry Anne - b. June 25, 1964.

-23-

%3. Dwayne Neil - b. May 12, 1969.

@2. James Gordon - b. Apr. 17, 1949;

married Patricia Ileene Marlatt.

Lives in Hillmond, Saskatchewan.

%1. Niki Rae - b. Apr. 9, 1972.

%2. Bart Randall - b. June. 24, 1976.

%3. Wade Robin - b. June 12, 1977

@3. Carol Gertrude - b. Apr. 14, 1952;

married Charles Peter Arychuk.

%1. Corey Lynn - b. Aug. 25, 1976.

%2. Christy Dawn - b. Dec. 30, 1980.

$6. Jessie Helena - b. Jan. 29, 1915; m. Samuel Ernest

Sterndale Sharrott.

@1. Charles Sterndale - b. Feb. 3, 1937;

married Alice Hanson.

%1. Cheryl Ann - b. June 15, 1959.

%2. Daryl James - b. Jan. 26, 1962.

%3. Carol Jane - b. June , 1963.

@2. Thomas James Lone - b. Nov. 24, 1939;

m. Darlene Francis McKivett.

%1. Brenda Marie - b. Dec. 16, 1963.

%2. Leona Denise - b. Sept. 6, 1965.

@3. Walter George - b. Jan. 28, 1941;

m. ___________________.

%1. Lynda Marie - b. Nov. 22, 1963.

%2. Wayne Sterndale - b. April 17, 1967.

m. Dale Palen.

+1. Kimberley Lee - b. May 10, 1979.

@4. Edwin Lee - b. Dec. 18, 1941;

m. Doreen Molyneauk.

%1. Shannon Marie - b. Dec. 11, 1975.

$7. Vera Gertrude - b. Nov. 4, 1916; married

Melford Laurence Barber.

@1. William John - b. July 29, 1950;

m. __________________.

%1. Jessica Faith - b. Jan. 2, 1972.

@2. (Triplet Girls)

- Marie Celina - b. July 7, 1951;

m. Dale Ingmar Horness.

%1. Dean Glen - b. July 5, 1969.

%2. Coreen Marie - b. June 27, 1970;

d. Jan. 16, 1972.

%3. Theresa Marie - b. June 13, 1975.

- Norma Jean - b. July 7, 1951;

m. _________ Howes.

%1. Robert Laurence - b. Jan. 30, 1969.

%2. Sandra Lynn - b. April 11, 1970

- Linda Gertrude - b. July 7, 1951;

m. Joseph Kelly Mann.

%1. Chantelle Dawn - b. Oct. 1, 1972.

@3. Dale Laurence - b. April 19, 1956.

-24-

#2. Henry Raworth - born June 14, 1877; died Jan. 4, 1961

in Lloydminster, Sask. (never married).

#3. Herbert Oswald - born Mar. 20, 1879; died May 21, 1927

in Outlook, Sask.; married Marnie Olsen.

$1. Eunice - b. July __ 1916. (lives in Victoria, B.C.)

#4. Walter Wilmot - born May 16, 1882; died Jan. 20, 1947 in

Kingston; married Gertrude Beatrice Sexsmith.

$1. Walter Leland - b. June 6, 1907; d. Nov. 15, 1965;

married Muriel Duncan.

@1. Frederick Leland - b. Feb. 22, 1935;

m. Patricia Osborne.

%1. Kevin - b. May __ 1965.

%2. Bronya - b. April __ 1966.

m. Susan Fruchs.

+1. Danielle - b. Jan. 26, 1979.

@2. Carol Anne - b. Oct. 29, 1940;

1m. David Boland Porter.

%1. Christopher - b. Apr. 27, 1962.

%2. Michael - b. Nov. 27, 1964.

2m. John Rutherford.

%3. Julian - b. Mar. 18, 1971.

@3. Douglas Walter - b. Jan. 29, 1948;

m. Judy Robertson.

$2. Mildred Margaret Anne - b. June 13, 1909;

d. Feb. 28, 1959; married

Clare Zufeldt.

@1. Joan Gertrude - b. Aug. 18, 1941.

$3. Marion Gertrude - b. Feb. 14, 1914; married

Earl Harold Bradley.

@1. James Allen - b. Apr. 7, 1937.

@2. Gail - b. Sept. 30, 1938;

1st.m. Paul Young.

%1. Lesley Rose - b. June 2, 1960.

2nd.m. John Ashby.

%2. Bessanna Lillian - b. Sept. 17, 1964.

@3. Marion 'Anne' - b. Dec. 9, 1941;

1st.m. Kenneth Brian Earhart.

%1. Christopher Kenneth - b. Feb. 4, 1958;

m. Kim Gelineau.

+1. Michelle - b. March 1, 1978.

%2. Marion 'Lee' - b. Mar. 10, 1961;

2nd.m. George 'Holden' Hayes.

%3. Amos Holden - b. April 14, 1974.

@4. David Earl - b. May 8, 1944;

m. Mary Aileen Quilliams.

@5. Bonny Lynne - b. Nov. 8, 1949

$4. Beverley Allan - b. Oct. 6, 1932 (adopted)

married Roseanna Pettit.

@1. Margaret Anne - b. May 16, 1954;

m. Robert Charles Burns.

%1. Corey James Joseph - b. Sept. 3, 1972.

-25-

%2. Timothy Allen - b. Mar. 4, 1978.

%3. D'Arcy Robert - b. Nov. 22, 1979.

@2. Kenneth Allen - b. Jan. 20, 1959.

m. Kimberley Ann Mulvihill.

@3. Catherine Rose - b. June 20, 1964.

@4. David Karl - b. June 10, 1969.

#5. Ernest Edward - born May 14, 1884; died Jan. 9, 1933

in Wiseton, Sask.; never married.

#6. Frederick Harold - born Feb. 20, 1886; died Dec. 6, 1960

in Kingston; never married.

#7. Charles - born June 19, 1887, died Mar. 20, 1955 in

Wiseton, Sask.; married Edith Mae Metcalfe.

$1. Rita Rae - b. Dec. 9, 1927; married Thomas James Churchill.

@1. Alfred Charles - b. July 10, 1960.

@2. James Ray - b. Sept. 29, 1963.

@3. Faye Lynn - b. Sept. 24, 1965.

@4. Cheryl Rose - b. Dec. 29, 1968.

$2. Ruth Elaine - b. July 17, 1929; married George Hiebert.

@1. Lori Rae - b. June 24, 1959 (St. Catherines)

@2. Kenton George - b. Feb. 16, 1961"" ""

@3. Jillian - b. Apr. 20, 1966 "" ""

$3. David Frederick Charles - b. Feb. 9, 1940;

married Donna Rae Seeley.

@1. Robert Charles - b. May 6, 1965 (Saskatoon)

@2. Catherine Mae - b. May 12, 1972 "" ""

@3. Karen Rae - b. Jan. 10, 1975 "" ""

@4. Patricia Jean - b. Feb. 11, 1977 "" ""

#8. James Worthington - born Sept. 13, 1889; died Feb. 28,

1959; married Hilda Watson.

$1. Shirley Marie - b. July 14, 1925; married James

Allen Shetterley.

@1. Harriet Anne - b. Nov. 8, 1948;

m. Denis Dymond.

%1. Melissa Ann - b. Oct. 22, 1975.

%2. Erin Rachelle - b. Apr. 5, 1980.

@2. Myron James - b. June 24, 1955.

$2. Marjorie Hilda - b. Aug. 26, 1927; married Norman Lore Ingell.

@1. Lore Leslie - b. May 22, 1950;

m. Valerie Gail Lesyk.

%1. Lonnie Lore - b. Nov. 20, 1974.

%2. Angela Gail - b. Feb. 2, 1977.

@2. Carol Lynn - b. Aug. 11, 1951.

@3. Kathleen Myrna - b. Dec. 16, 1954.

@4. Michelle Eileen - b. Sept. 18, 1966.

$3. Harold Douglas - b. Jan. 20, 1931; married

Myrtle Elaine Danroth.

@1. Brenda Jean - b. Aug. 14, 1953;

m. Eldon Hant.

@2. Barbara Elain - b. July 6, 1955;

m. Patrick Bruce Hanks.

@3. Lesley Harold - b. Jan. 8, 1958.

-26-

@4. James Wade - b. Jan. 16, 1962.

$4. Ernest Lloyd - b. Mar. 26, 1935; married Edith Lillian Morsen.

@1. Craig Douglas - b. Aug. 21, 1957;

m. Lorraine Ruth Bartzen.

@2. Kevin James - b. May 8, 1961.

@3. Heather Gail - b. Jan. 22, 1968.

$5. Merle Watson - b. Jan. 7, 1937; married Kathleen

Mary Miner.

@1. Colleen Esther - b. Aug. 2, 1961;

m. Ricky Steven Penner

@2. Orrin Merle - b. Apr. 20, 1965.

@3. Lionel Victor - b. June 12, 1969.

$6. Vernon Glen - b. Mar. 25, 1938; married Louise

Hattie Fredeen.

@1. Terrance Lee - b. Oct. 23, 1956;

m. De Lynne Zuboise Higgenbotham.

@2. Lori Ann - b. May 14, 1959.

@3. Lucinda Sue - b. Jan. 5, 1961.

@4. Clarissa Lucette - b. July 29, 1975.

*2. George - born 1852; died ___________; married ______________

*3. Sarah - born 1854; died ___________; married John Snook.

*4. James Phillip - born 1857; died 1922; never married (lived with his

brother John Abraham Redden)

*5. Charles Edward - born 1859; died 1920's; married Clara McDonald.

All of their children born in Collins Bay, Ont.

#1. Harry Victor - born July 19, 1890; died Jan. 3, 1958 in

Cardinal, Ont.; married Hazel Mary Taylor.

$1. (twins)

- Keith Donald - b. Feb. 28, 1926; d. March 6, 1962;

m. Golda Alice Serviss.

@1. David Dudley - b. Aug. 31, 1949.

- Ashby Taylor - b. Feb. 28, 1926;

m. Phyllis Eileen Beatty.

@1. Sandra Lynn - b. Oct. 28, 1957.

@2. Judith Anne - b. March 26, 1960.

@3. Susan Jane - b. July 15, 1961.

@4. Robert Taylor - b. Nov. 11, 1963.

#2. Edith Lorraine - born Mar. 29, 1892; died Mar. 5, 1975 in

Ottawa; married Henry Edward Seale.

$1. George Arnold Victor - b. Sept. 14, 1919;

m. Anne Catherine Morrison.

@1. Robert - b. May 22, 1952.

@2. Judy - b. Sept. 24, 1954;

m. Peter Aube.

$2. Margaret Elaine - b. Nov. 11, 1925;

m. Lloyd Henderson.

@1. Donald - b. Nov. __ 1947.

@2. Edward - b. ______ 1949.

@3. Jeffrey - b. _______ 1954.

#3. Melvin - born 1894; died 1976; married Margaret Redison.

$1. Elaine Margaret - b. __________ 1936.

#4. George - born ______1896(c); died __________; married Lillian Cole.

-27-

$1. Hubert - b. April _____ 1921.

m. Mabel _________.

@1. Faye - b. ____________.

m. ____________.

@2. Carol - b. ____________.

@3. Noreen - b. ___________.

$2. Wanda - b. Mar. __ 1933; d. Nov. 10, 1980;

1st.m. _________ Gallinger.

@1. Rodney - b. _____________

@2. Dwight - b. ______________

@3. Karen - b. _______________

m. Percey

2nd.m. Harvey Cormylo.

@4. Harvey - b. ______________

$3. Walter George - b. July __ 1925 (Athabasca, Alb.)

m. Mary _________

@1. Lorne G. - b. Jan __ 1947;

m. Patricia _______

(lives in Kenora, ON and owns “Redden’s Camp”

on Longbow Lake)

%1. Kelly - b. _______ 1973.

%2. Leanne - b. _____ 1975.

%3. Karen - b. ______ 1977.

$4. Aletha - b. Oct. __ 1948;

m. Thomas Henry (lives in Stoney Mt. Manitoba)

@1. Tracey - b. 1970.

@2. Katherine - b. 1972.

$5. Patricia - b. June 1953;

m. Brian Olson (lives in Stoney Mt. Area, Manitoba)

@1. Eric - b. __ 1977.

@2. Kurt - b. __ 1978.

*6. Jane - born 1863; died 1885, Kingston Twp.

*7. Frederick - born 1865; died 1940's (lived in Los Angeles, Cal.); married

Nellie __________ ; (family) Leo, Fred, Gerald.

*8. Esther - born 1867; died 1950's; married Robert Storey (Watertown, N.Y.)

(family) Cecil; married Lois __________

*9. William - born 1870; disappeared out West.

*10. Maud - born 1872; died 1940's; married Henry Nicholson;

(family) Margaret (Aitken), Hazel.

*11. Corey Herbert - born 1873; ___________________________________

*12. Carrie - born 1874; died 1930's; married William Nicholson (no family)

*13. Edward - born 1871; died _________; married Elizabeth Holland;

(3). Horace - born 1833 in Kingston Twp.; died 1901 in Ellisburg, N.Y.; married

Catherine Conley.

*1. Jennie - born 1861; died 1891; married ________Charmick;

(family) Beatrice Charmick.

*2. James - born 1863; died 1891; married _____________________;

*3. Ophelia - born 1862; died 1891; married ____________________;

*4. Michael - born 1867; died 1901; married ____________________;

*5. Ralph - born 1875; died 1949; married Julie Belle Chrisman.

#1. Daisie - born 1902; died ________; married Fred Monnette.

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#2. Beatrice - born 1905; died 1961; married Olin Glazier;

(family) Rosemary Glazier (married) David Parkes

a professor at Blacksvurg College, V.A. Their

family: Randy Parkes, Michelle Parkes.

#3. Lyndon - born _____; died _______; married Sherry Weaver

Charlis; (family) Daniel Redden, Michael Redden.

#4. Patricia - born _____; died _______; married Alden Nash;

(family) Lisa Nash, Kimberley Nash.

#5. Glen Harry - born 1906 in Ellisburg, N.Y.; died _________;

married Anna G. Nadelen.

$1. Glen Robert - born 1929 in Ellisburg, N.Y.;

married Beverley Davis.

@1. Deborah - born 1956.

@2. Glen Robert - born 1958.

@3. Wayne - born 1960.

@4. Dawn - born 1962.

Glen's second wife was Betty Chrisholm.

$2. Anna Mae - born 1933 in Ellisburg, N.Y.;

married James Mohr.

@1. Brian Mohr - born 1959.

@2. Julie Mohr - born 1962.

$3. Jack - born 1943 in Elllisburg, N.Y.;

married Linda Leach Johnson.

@1. Creptal Anne Redden

born 1971.

Linda's children - Carla Johnson

Brian Johnson

(4). William - born 1836; died _______________; 1861 census: Shoemaker in Kingston Twp.;

married July 28, 1864 to Sabra A. Galloway.

(5). Miles - born 1840; died 1918; Married Nancy Bailey; lived on concession 7, lot 17,

Kingston Twp.

(6). Nelson - born 1841; died _______________; 1871 census: lived on concession 1 Lot 3,

Harrowsmith, Ont.

(7). Wilson - born 1843; died _______________;

(8). Jerry - born 1846 in Portland Twp.; died June 12, 1914, buried in Cataraqui Cemetery;

married Caroline West.

(Mindy M. Bom in Rochester Hills, MI. informed me that Jerry was once

"King For The Day" in the Orangemen's Parade in Kingston.)

His children are:

*1. Lillian - born ___________; died May 3, 1932.

*2. Florence - born __________; died May 8, 1949.

*3. Eva - __________________________________

*4. Millard - ________________________________

*5. Edna - _________________________________

*6. William Franklin - born 1888; died Sept. 14, 1958.

*7. Frances Agusta - born Aug. 28, 1898.

The Story of

FRANCIS

REDDEN

Before I discuss the first Redden to live in Upper Canada, I wish to talk about some of my earlier ancestors. During my course of research I found a distant cousin in Texas, Thomas Hanson. I wrote a letter to him explaining that I was looking for information on the Redden family. He replied to my request and in his letter he included information which indicated who my great-great-great-great-great-great-great-grandparents were. They were Johannes Jost Snider and Elizabeth Meyer. Johannes was born approximately in 1673 and Elizabeth in 1679 in the area of Dutchess County, New York. Their son's name was Johannes Jost Snider Jr. born in 1703, and he married Anna Magdalena Elizabeth Flagler, born in 1712. Anna's parents were Zacharias Flagler born in 1673 in Wertheim (Francolia Province) Germany, and Anna Elizabeth Hobin (or Hoft). It is believed that Zacharias Flagler's father is Hans Flagler but not much else is known.

Many may ask what all of the preceding has to do with the Redden family? That question can be answered by pointing out that Johannes Jost Snider Jr. and Anna Magdalena Elizabeth Flagler had a grandaughter who married Francis Redden. But before I discuss Francis, I wish to talk about his father-in-law, Simon Snider.

Simon was born on August 15, 1733 in New York, N.Y. Simon was a United Empire Loyalist and fought for Great Britain in the War Of Independence. On a muster roll that contains the names, size, age, country and time of service of the N.C.(Noncommissioned) Officers, Drummers, and Privates of the Second Battalion of the Royal Regiment of New York, it states, "Simon Snider, aged 46, 5 feet 10 inches tall, 1 year and 4 months service." Simon married Mary Anne Lane (daughter of David Lane) on April 13th, 1789 in Ernesttown by Rev. Langhorn and they settled on Lot 21, Concession 1 in Ernesttown Township.(1) During a visit to the Canadian National Archives in Ottawa, I found a book by Gregory Palmer titled Biographical Sketches of Loyalists Of The American Revolution, and in this book I found:

Snider, Simon

- of New York, a native of America, Snider lived at Saratoga,

where he had a farm with thirty acres cleared. He also had 100 acres,

thirty cleared, at Fort Edward. Snider joined the British in 1777, and

served in the Loyal Rangers. He estimated his loss at 311 pounds

sterling, and was awarded 162 pounds sterling.(2)

Simon and Mary's daughter was Elizabeth Snider and she married Francis Redden, my great-great-great-great-grandfather. Francis, much like his father, his brother and his father-in-law, fought for the British in General Bourgoyne's Army of Loyalists.

In 1777, John Peters of Vermont had been selected by General John Bourgoyne to establish a regiment of "rangers" to serve in his army for the coming invasion.(3) This regiment became known as the "Queen's Loyal Rangers" and over 300 refugees enlisted: (4)

The regiment took part in the operations around Ft. Ticonderoga, and

at the Battles of Hubbardton and Bennington, always in the thick of

the fight. Over 600 men served in the regiment from May 1777 through

the Battle of Saratoga, after which some 90 survivors made their way

to Canada.(5)

If one observes the names listed on a muster roll of the Queen's Loyal Rangers, they will see the name Redden, Redding or Redins. Of course, the variance in spelling is due to the inhability of people in that time period to spell their own name.

Edward, Francis and David Redden all fought for the Queen's Loyal Rangers and I am proud to say that Francis was one of the 90 survivors who continued his life in Canada. In a book by Nick and Helma Mika titled, United Empire Loyalists, they state that Bourgoyne's army was "two corps of Loyalists consisting of about five hundred men."(6) The hundreds of men were ordered to proceed into New York State by way of Lake Champlain(7) and they were determined to win

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back their land from the American "patriots." The expidition led the British and Loyalist men to Fort Edward and Fort George. But their arrival at those Forts did not result in celebration, but rather disappointment.

The supplies that Bourgoyne had been depending on had been quickly disappearing. Their location was too far from the North, and it was decided that in order to continue, they would have to fight for supplies from the Americans. The Loyalists then planned a "special expidition to Bennington, Vermont."(8) The reason why Bennington had been chosen was because it was home to a storehouse which had many of the supplies that Bourgoyne's army needed. An attack was planned and their first destination was just a few miles west of Bennington in Hoosick Falls, New York.

The Stone Reads:

“On This Site Stood The Continental Storehouse, Object Of The British Attack

That Was Repulsed By The Colonial Forces At The Battle Of Bennington, August 16, 1777.”

I remember visiting the site of the battle of Bennington in Hoosick Falls, which is a huge hill (or mountain) that provides a magnificent view of the surrounding countryside. I would assume that the man in charge of the attack, Lieutenant Colonel Frederic Baum, would not have too much trouble witnessing the enemy approaching from this location. But little did he know that the Americans had learned of the upcoming invasion, and prepared their own attack.

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Brian Redden on the site of The Battle Of Bennington – May 1997

The Americans who lived in the Bennington area "appealed for help from neighbouring New Hampshire and Massachusetts."(9) John Stark had been called upon by the Americans to lead them in the defense, and this was followed by the gathering of almost 1,500 men.(10) Stark eventually marched his newly formed army to Manchester, Vermont to join forces with American Colonel Seth Warner.(11) On August 14, 1777, the American forces came face to face with the Loyalists at Hoosick Falls, and the Americans essentially "cornered" John Peter’s Rangers on the hill while more American troops quickly arrived:

Stark's forces were increased by the arrivals of Vermont militia men,

a party from Berkshire County, Massachusetts and some Stockbridge

Indians. Warner now arrived, though most of his troops were still near

Manchester. Stark now had about 2,000 men at his disposal.(12)

While the hundreds of Loyalists sat helpless on the hill, thousands of American soldiers gathered below waiting to attack. On August 16, 1777, the first shot was fired by the Americans and they began their attack from all sides. Approximely 700 British soldiers were taken as prisoners which included Edward, Francis and David Redden.

However, I am not sure if the above figure of 700 soldiers is correct because in one book I came across, it says, "...the loyalists, 152 of them, were tied in pairs to horses and led away amid the jeers and scoffs of the rebels."(13) It is possible that the local citizens of that period had exagerated the numbers of men captured. My source which states that 700 men were captured is a booklet that I purchased from the Bennington Museum, and my source which states that 152 men were captured is from a Canadian book.

These men may have not been captured if it had not had been for several Americans prentending to be Loyalists. In E. Rae Stuart’s essay titled “Jessup’s Rangers As a Factor in Loyalist Settlement”, he states that:

Peter’s Corps, “suffered severely at Bennington, losing over a third of the

291 men which its leader claimed he had at that battle. This disastrous

expedition consisted of 500 men under Colonel Baume of the Brunswick

troops. Ebeneezer Jessup attributed its failure to the credulity of Colonel

Skene, who had been duped into accepting a number of Americans as

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Loyalists. These imposters treacherously attacked the British force in

conjuction with a force of Americans under Brigadier-General Stark

and inflicted heavy losses on it. Peter’s Corps never recovered…”

But no matter what the historians say, the accepted fact stands that the British were outnumbered by the Americans. But why? This can be answered by indicating that Great Britain had feared sending all of its troops to win the battle in America because it would leave the British isles defenceless:

...Alexander MacDonald in Halifax believed that every Crown in

Europe would help to stamp out the republican heresy - but they

would be eager to profit from Britian's misfortune if the war lasted

and grew. This danger of a challenge in Europe meant Britain

could not send all of its standing army or all of its navy to stamp

out the American resistance. Twenty thousand men with all their

supplies and equipment, with a fleet of up to sixty warships, was

the government's minimum estimate for the force needed to

smash the rebellion.(14)

The preceding estimate changed when Britain "signed treaties with the principalities of Hesse, Brunswick, and Waldeck, by which eighteen thousand disciplined, experienced officers and men were recruited to serve Britain during the American war."(15) Eventually "twenty-six thousand men" crossed the Atlantic to fight for Britain.(16) The number of British soldiers grew with the volunteer Loyalists who had immigrated to America, but that did not provide enough force to fight off the American patriots who had far greater numbers.

Even though the tragic war was a loss for the British, I am very proud of my ancestors for the way that they played such an important roll in North American history. The war that took place on August 16, 1777 is known as the Battle of Bennington and that battle was a turning point in the American War Of Independence. The American's success provided them with the confidence to continue their fight against King George and British control over the colonial states.

The British control over the American states ended, but the Redden family chose to live their lives elsewhere. Francis Redden was one of the Loyalist soldiers present at the battle of Bennington and Saratoga and he managed to escape when General John Bourgoyne surrended. "Hundreds of Loyalists either were captured or fled north through the woods to Canada."(17)

Running through the woods to escape capture must not have been easy.

Francis’ father Edward and his brother David are believed to have been held captive in Albany, N.Y. following the British surrender. But Francis escaped and made his way to Lachine in January of 1778 and Isle Aux Noix in April of

1778. He would later escape to the British territory in October of the same year and rejoined the army under Sir John Johnson's 2nd Battalion of the King's Royal Regiment on November 12, 1781.(18) Marion Bradley found the following in her research:

"Francis Redden, 23 years of age, 5' 7" in height, born in America,

served in Armed Forces four years before enrolled in 2nd Battalion,

Nov. 12th, 1781." (19)

Francis would later enroll in the King's Royal Regiment of New York as a drummer and he eventually accompanied the Regiment to Oswego where it served as garrison.(20) In August, 1783 his battalion moved to Cataraqui (Kingston) to help prepare for the refugee Loyalists, and in the same year, Francis retired from the army.(21) Francis came to Ernesttown township in 1786, and he married Elizabeth Snider in 1789.

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I have been informed, by a Mr. Sturgess who works at the Kingston City Hall, that his great great great great grandfather, Captain Michael Grass, suggested that the lands surrounding the Bay of Quinte had been suitable land for settlement. Captain Michael Grass was a French prisoner of war at Fort Frontenac before 1763, so he knew the area well. Therefore, five groups of Loyalists lead by Michael Grass, Sir John Johnson, Colonel James Rogers, Major Peter VanAlstine and Colonel McDonnell, left New York “for the unknown wilderness in September 1783.”:

They reached Sorel, Quebec, late in the year and spent the winter there

in hastily constructed log huts. The next spring they sailed up the St.

Lawrence Frontenac with the few possessions they had been able to bring

from the American colony. (22)

The Loyalists lived in tents while at Frontenac until the lands along the Bay of Quinte had been surveyed and distributed among the groups. These lands became townships divided amongst the five leaders and their groups, and were named after the children of George III. (23)

In conclusion, anyone who is a Redden or claims that they are a descendant of the Redden family can become a member of the United Empire Loyalist Association of Canada. In 1789:

...Sir Guy Carleton, the governor-in-chief of British North America,

announced that those who had "adhered to the unity of the Empire

and Joined the Royal Standard in North America before the Treaty

of Separation in the year 1783" and their families and descendants,

could bear the letters "U.E." (United Empire) after their names as

as a mark of distinction.

Parks Canada, The Loyalists, Bicentennial Information Brochure.

Even though the letters "U.E." are rarely found today, it is very important to remember the history of the Loyalists.

In a Peterborough Examiner article titled, "U.E.L. Day Act proposed by MPP Danford", evidence is shown that there is a desire to remember how Upper Canada was created, which became Ontario:

"In the (provincial) legislature Monday he (MPP Harry Danford) introduced

the United Empire Loyalists Day Act, a private member's bill. If passed

June 19 would be designated United Empire Loyalists Day...He says June

19 is an appropriate date since the Constitutional Act of 1791 was passed

on this date. It was Loyalist influence that prompted the Act, which created

Upper Canada, later to become Ontario."

Peterborough Examiner, August 19, 1997.

This bill was passed by the Ontario Legislative Assembly providing the Loyalists, and the Redden family, with a day to remember their important role in North American history.

-35-

Endnotes

(1) Marion Bradley The Reddens: A Family History, p. 7.

(2) Gregory Palmer, Biographical Sketches Of Loyalists Of The American Revolution, p. 810.

(3) Internet: http://www.the-spa.com/dan.moraski/PETERS.HTM.

(4) Ibid.,

(5) Ibid.,

(6) Nick and Helma Mika, The Loyalists, p. 96.

(7) Ibid, p. 95.

(8) Ibid, p. 100.

(9) Eugene R. Kosche, The Battle Of Bennington 1777 (Booklet), p. 3.

(10) Ibid., p. 3.

(11) Ibid., p. 3.

(12) Ibid., p. 3.

(13) Nick and Helma Mika, The Loyalists, p. 101.

(14) Christopher Moore, The Loyalists: Revolution, Exile, Settlement, p. 87-88.

(15) Ibid., p. 88.

(16) Ibid., p. 88.

(17) Ibid., p. 100.

(18) Dr. H.C. Burleigh, The Bones Of David Redding, p. 5.

(19) Marion (Redden) Bradley, The Reddens: A Family History, 1753-1981, p. 6.

(20) Ibid.

(21) Ibid.

(22) The Brochure Committee of The Lennox and Addington Historical Society, Historical Glimpses of Lennox and Addington County, p. 10.

(23) Ibid.

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REFERENCES

Bellesilles, Michael A. Revolutionary Outlaws, Virginia: University Press of Virginia, 1993.

Bradley, Marion (Redden), The Reddens: A Family History, 1753 – 1981, Ottawa: 1981.

Brochure Committee of The Lennox and Addington Historical Society, Historical Glimpses of Lennox and Addington County. Addington County: The Lennox and Addington County Council, 1964.

Dr. Burleigh, H.C., The Bones Of David Redding, (copy purchased from Adolphustown Museum), January 1975.

Careless, J.M.S., Canada: A Celebration Of Our Heritage, Mississauga: Heritage Publishing House, 1996.

Cruikshank, Brigadier General Ernest A., The King’s Royal Regiment of New York, Toronto:

Best Publishing Company, 1984.

Hall, Hiland, The History Of Vermont, From Its Discovery To Its Admission Into The Union In 1791, Albany: Joel Munsell, 1968.

Internet: http://www.royalprovincial.com/Military/rhist/qloyrng/qlrlist.htm Peter’s Corps: The Queen’s Loyal Rangers, Westfield, MA, U.S.A.

Kosche, Eugene R. The Battle Of Bennington 1777 (Booklet), Manchester, Vermont: Forward’s Colour Productions Inc.

Mika, Nick & Helma. The Loyalists. Belleville: Mika Publishing Company, 1976.

Moore, Christopher, The Loyalists: Revolution, Exile, Settlement, Toronto: McClelland and Stewart Inc., 1994.

Palmer, Gregory, Biographical Sketches Of Loyalists Of The American Revolution, London: Meckler Publishing, 1984.

Spargo, John, David Redding: Queen’s Ranger, Who Was Hanged In Bennington, Vermont, June 11, 1778, Bennington, Vermont: Bennington Museum, 1945.

Stuart, E. Rae., “Jessup’s Rangers As a Factor in Loyalist Settlement”, in The Ontario Dept. of Public Records and Archives’, 3 History Theses, 1961.

The United Empire Loyalists’ Association, The Loyalist Gazette, “Branch Reports – Bay Of Quinte”, Toronto: Autumn, 1970.

Welse, Arthur James, The History Of The City Of Albany, E.H. Bender, Albany: 71&73 State Street, 1884.

David (Redding) Redden

Loyal He Remains:

A Critical Essay

"This land was always ours

Was the proud land of our fathers

It belongs to us and them

Not to any of the others"

Shane MacGowan

If one visits the Carleton University Political Science reading room they will observe the grand portrait of Sir John Alexander Macdonald hanging distinctly on the wall. Below the portrait it reads, "We are English, We are French, most of all, We are Loyal, We are Canadian." One who is Canadian, especially with an ancestory that lies deep in the country's history, must feel a sense of great pride when reading the preceding. Canada's creation was influenced by the cooperation of many different cultures, while priding itself with a gradual "paper-strewn" Loyalist path.(1) Canadians have chosen to maintain important ties with the British Monarchy, and the reason for this lies deep in the folklore of the 1700's during the American War of Independence.

Citizens of the new British North American colony who did not wish to support the revolutionary Independence movement are known as United Empire Loyalists. They were:

...frontier farmers, town artisans and shopkeepers; professionals, once-wealthy

merchants, and former government officials. And if many were of old-colonial

English stock, others were recent German immigrants Gaelic-speaking Highland

Scots, or Irish, Indians and Blacks. Though aware of colonial wrongs, they still

looked for remedies to the British Crown, and its historic rule of law under the

parliamentary system: not to violent American revolutionary doctrines and

republican extremes, where - all too often - popular "democracy" had meant

anarchy and illegal imprisonment. As a result, many Loyalists left sheer

persecution in the American republic to seek shelter and a new start in the wide

lands remaining in the Crown.(2)

The Loyalists were not necessarily in favour of King George's actions. But they held a simple "distrust of republicanism and 'mob rule' "(3) Those who opposed the violent upheval led to many being driven from their homes and they were forced to eventually move north to the lands which is now Canada. They were known to the Americans as traitors, but were they?

One so called "traitor" can be found lying uncomfortably in the Old First Church cemetery in Bennington, Vermont. His name is David Redden, a member of the Queen's

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Loyal Rangers and a Loyalist spy during the Revolutionary War. Directly above his burial ground stands a monument that respects him and other soldiers. It reads, with lack of antecendant knowledge, "DAVID REDDING; LOYALIST; EXECUTED 1778".

In this essay, the man known to many Vermonters and historians as "David Redding" will be discussed in order to argue that he was not a traitor as many believe him to be. He was accused of being a local "American" citizen who supported the British by stealing supplies and transporting them to the enemy. He was hanged in 1778. His wrongdoings in the community earned him the label "a traitor".

But of course, calling David Redding a traitor requires some examination. His involvement with the Queen's Loyal Rangers under the supervision of General John Bourgoyne could not make him a traitor. He was a British soldier and not an American. Secondly, one must observe the fact that most or all of the records for the trial and execution are believed to have been destroyed, serving to indicate that a great travesty of justice took place. Thirdly, the "Redden" family should be discussed to indicate that David Redding was a member of a Loyalist family. Essentially, David Redding could not have been a traitor because he was a Loyalist soldier and was never a citizen of the United States.

Before Redding's life is discussed, it is wise to clarify why the "Redding" surname is spelled "Redden" today. This is easily explained by stating that:

It was not uncommon for a man of much better than average education

to spell his own name in two or three different ways, even in one

document... In the few official records there are concerning him in Vermont the

name of David Redding is otherwise also spelled "READING" and

"REDDEN."(4)

The author of this essay has encountered situations in which relatives display their disbelief that the loyalist soldier known as Redding is really an ancestor. But the above passage is a satisfactory explanation, aside from the records which clearly indicate lineal descent. It is interesting to note that the author of this essay has witnessed in recent years his surname mispelled as Redin, Reddon, Pedden and Reding. In this essay, the surname “Redding” will be spelled as Redden.

So, with explanations and misspellings out of the way, who was David Redden anyway? Many do not know the answer to this question, and many of whom are surprisingly

members of the Redden family. Therefore it would be wise to briefly tell the

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tale of the man who's life ended at a public hanging on June 11, 1778.

The Life Of An Executed Loyalist

Born in 1754 to Edward (Redding) Redden and Jacoba Lewis, the 23 year old David Redden was brought to the Battle of Bennington in 1777 following his entrance into the Queen's Loyal Rangers. The Battle of Bennington ended in the defeat of the Loyalist forces, but fighting continued at Saratoga, New York in September of the same year. But at Saratoga, General John Bourgoyne surrendered to the Americans. It was either following the surrender or at some later occasion that David and his father Edward were taken to Albany and detained. Some believe they were later released under bond or escaped. But either way David Redden made his way to the Bennington, Vermont area.

Just outside of Bennington, on the New York state side, is a town called Hoosick Falls. David Redden is believed to have lived there. He was not living at home for long due to his arrest for the theft of Farmer Simmon's horses. Even though the Loyalists had been defeated in Bennington and Saratoga, David Redden had still been involved with the British as a spy. He was labeled a "Tory" (another name for Loyalists) and his job was not only to spy on the Americans but also to steal supplies. This would simply be to "acquire" arms and horses for the British Army. Supplies had been "hard to come by" for the British army and men like David Redden had the task of stealing supplies and transporting them to the British forces. The community did not respect his military actions. He was viewed as a hoodlum that was "up to no good."

Following his arrest, approximately in early May of 1778, while under guard on his way to Albany, he seized the gun of one of the guards and made his escape.(5) He fled to the Hoosick Falls area in which he wanted the protection of Loyalist sympathizers. But he was re-arrested very soon. This time he was not taken to Albany, but rather to Bennington. It remains a mystery why they would not have taken him to Albany. Possibly he was now considered an extreme threat to the Bennington community.

Word had come from Albany that hangings had taken place there. And out of jealousy Vermont felt that it had the right to do so as well. So then came the trial of Redding "apparently on June 4th" involving five judges and a jury of six people.(6) The trial ended with David Redden being accused of enimical conduct, a very unfriendly act. He was found guilty and was sentenced to be hanged two days later.(7)

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About the same time that David Redden had been "ill treated" in Bennington, American

Colonel Ethan Allen had been released from a British prison in exchange for Colonel Campbell of the British army.(8) Ethan Allen returned to Bennington and his arrival was followed with "great rejoicing." "The people flocked into town to welcome him, and an old iron sixpounder...was brought out, and notwithstanding a great scarcity of powder, was fired fourteen times, 'once for each of the thirteen United States, and once for young

Vermont.' "(9)

David Redden had been a Loyalist in the wrong place at the wrong time. Ethan Allen had returned home to find his revolutionary friends "as unreconciled as ever to British rule..." and he was not going to obey any British laws.(10) Allen did not hesitate to take part in the hanging of David Redden and his long captivity and sufferings had "only served to increase...his enthusiastic zeal" and hatred towards a Loyalist.(11) But much to their dismay, John Burnham's information postponed the trial for another day.

The large crowd that gathered in the field across from the Catamount Tavern were anxious to witness the hanging of a "dangerous criminal", but they would have to wait. The hanging was postponed due to the acquired knowledge of law that a local merchant, John Burnham, had accumulated.(12) John Burnham "broadcast his opinion that the trial of Redden had been illegal since he had been tried before a jury of six persons instead of twelve, according to British law."(13)

Of course, this whipped the crowd into a frenzy until Ethan Allen provided solace:

...whereupon Col. Allen suddenly pressing through the crowd, mounted

a stump and raising his hand, exclaiming in the loudest voice, "attention

the whole," proceeded to announce the reasons which had produced the

reprieve, advised the multitude to depart peaceably to their homes and to

return the day fixed for the execution in the act of the govenor and council,

adding with an oath, "you shall see somebody hung, for if Redden is not

hung, I will be hung myself." Upon this assurance, the uproar ceased and

the crowd dispersed.(14)

David Redden received a second chance, but it was not really a fair one. Basically they were going to hang him no matter what. The govenor and council was going to have justice done to satisfy themselves and the public by executing a Loyalist soldier. His trial consisted of 12 people on the jury, but with Ethan Allen gladly acting as attorney for the state, Redden was sentenced to hang on June 11th.

If one searches through the few records that do exist, they may find that on June 9,

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1778, a Reuben Sackett was labeled as "criminally guilty" of assisting David Redden in his escape from jail while awaiting a second trial. And Sackett himself was sentenced to receive "twenty lashes well laid on the naked back at sun set...at the Public whipping

post." This particular piece of information lets one assume that David Redden had been a real pest to authorities. Joseph Parks, the former librarian at the Bennington museum informed this author that David Redden had been a "really tough prisoner." If he had just remained calm he may have survived or been able to escape another time. But he created allot of headaches for the people of Bennington and it is likely that they just said, "let's hang this s.o.b.!"

When June 11th, 1778 finally arrived , the people of Bennington gathered once again, and the political leaders were fortunate to have "good circus weather":

The General Assembly, which was holding its sessions in the Meeting

House, met at eight O'clock in the morning. At noon the members voted

to adjourn until five O'clock in the afternoon, giving time for dinner and the

hanging afterward.(15)

At approximately two O'clock in the afternoon, the wagon transporting David Redden began its journey to the gallows, "less than five minutes drive."(16) Rueben Sackett who was punished two days earlier, drove the wagon while David Redden, "who was shackled", was guarded closely by Sheriff Benjamin Fay.(17) John Spargo in David Redding, Who Was Hanged in Bennington, Vermont, stated that there is no record that indicates a priest or minister was present that day.

Spargo's account of what happened is written very well and it is one that I wish to now use. Please make not of the fact that John Spargo took the liberty of making many assumptions to allow the "puzzles" to fit:

Redden mounted the scaffold, the noose was placed around his neck. If

there was no formal and audible prayer, "God have mercy upon his soul!"

ascended to Heaven. Then, as two O'clock was announced, Sherrif Fay

ordered the trap sprung. There was a brief moment when the silence was

broken only by the sighs of men and women and the sounds made by field

beasts and the birds overhead. Then came an outburst of noise, a terrible

cacophony of blood-lusted men mingled in a dissonance of blasphemy,

while the distorted body of a man dangled at the end of a rope, swaying in the

afternoon breeze. If Ethan Allen was among those present, could he have

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looked at that dangling, grimacing thing? Probably not. He must have looked

down, I think, for surely he could not then look upward to the sky!(18)

Ethan Allen got what he wanted. He gained some fame out of his egotistic hatred

towards the British and the Loyalists. David Redden had been a soldier fighting for

what he believed in, but he was simply caught in the middle of an American patriotic uproar. The hanging of David Redden symbolizes the fact that the Americans were not going to listen to and obey the British Parliament's ruling anymore.

Site of Catamount Tavern – Bennington, Vermont

The hanging is believed to have taken place across the road.

A Great Travesty Of Justice

According to the late John Spargo, "there is nothing to indicate when, where, or by whom the man Redden had been tried and condemned to death, or what crime he was accused of committing, or where or when."(19) The fact that there is nothing detailing the trial and the hanging should serve to indicate that someone did not want anyone to know what took place.

John Spargo undertook extensive research into the mystery and put all his discoveries together in his book titled David Redding, Who Was Hanged In Bennington, Vermont. On page 12 of his book he refers to Hiland Hall who was born in 1795 and wrote The History OF Vermont: From Its Discovery To Its Admission Into The Union in 1791. Hiland Hall's Early History Of Vermont discusses the hanging of David Redden but does not go into great detail due to lack of documented information. Would

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he not have attempted to find more? Spargo believes that because Hall grew up among many who actually witnessed the hanging that surely he would want to know more

specific details, and "it can not be doubted that he would certainly try to locate and obtain access to the judicial records of the case".(20) As Spargo stated, "all official records of the trials disappeared before his time".(21)

One can easily believe in this situation that if the trial and the hanging had been justified and legal, then it would have been documented and kept in the records and history books. As Spargo noted, "there is good reason...for believing that the disappearance of the records was not accidental, but was deliberately caused, in order to destroy the evidence of lawlessness committed in the name of law and orderly judicial process".(22) It is quite possible that no records were made in order to eliminate controversy. There is no record stating that he was a horse thief or was caught sending supplies to the British. Spargo stated that "we now know, Redden’s guilt was something very different."(23) In this case what was he guilty of?

It being believed that David Redden provided the British with provisions is based on stories told from those who claim to have first hand knowledge. It is merely "his-story". In Zadock Thompson's History Of Vermont, Natural, Civil And Statistical, he stated that Redding was accused with supplying the "enemy" with "provisions", whereas Hiland Hall stated that Redden was:

"...detected in going back and forth, to an from the enemy" on Lake

Champlain and, finally, "in clandestinely taking and carrying off for the

use of the tories some guns which were kept in the house of

David Robinson.(24)

Of course, due to the varying accounts it is believed by John Spargo to be a situation in which the preceding historians have based their information on that supplied by those "who professed to remember, or to have heard it from those who did remember."(25) Most especially these two authors did not indicate their sources.

In the case of the trial itself, nobody knows who sat on the jury. But John Spargo uses information from Records of the Council of Safety and Governor and Council, edited by one Walton in which Major Jeremiah Clark is stated to have been the judge who passed sentence upon Redding in 1778.(26) And, Isaac Jennings in Memorials of a Century said that Colonel Samuel Robinson (son of the founder of Bennington) "sat on the trial and conviction of Redden".(27)

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Aside form the names of a few people that may have served in the trial, what is known is that the rights of the accused Redden were disregarded:

It is only too evident that the two trials were conducted in unseemly

haste and in an atmosphere prejudicial to justice and as indecent as

the clamor of public indignation that enveloped them.(28)

David Redden’s respect as a Loyalist soldier was removed and justice was not obeyed.

He could have at least received the dignity of being executed as a member of the enemy.

The mystery surrounding the trial , and the absence of documented information, serves to add to the perception that wickedness took place. But the "filth getting promotion" did not end with the hanging.

The Bones

"Not even in death could his body find peace in the breast of Mother Earth."(29) After the hanging, the body was given to the brother of the Sheriff, Dr. Jonas Fay. By the use of Lye and quicklime the flesh was removed and the bones were used for anatomical research at the Williamstown Medical School.(30) The problem with the bones is that Dr. Fay could not "articulate it properly".(31) It has been said that:

Doctor Fay's inability to re-assemble Redden's bones in proper order

became well known to Vermonters. Years later it was related that old

ladies in Bennington gathered around the kitchen fire, expressed their

disapproval of the execution and held the belief that Doctor Fay's failure

to make Redden's bones "come together right" was a sign of Divine

displeasure or at least that wickedness had been done.(32)

In 1927, it was decided that the bones were to have a better home at the Bennington museum where they could be on exhibition to all who wished to see them.

The bones remained in the museum until approximately 1976 when the bones were taken to the "Old" First Church cemetery and buried. Out of respect, it was decided that it was very inappropriate to have the bones on display without permission from the respective owner. It was very kind of the Bennington Museum to take care of the bones. But maybe the bones would have received a different fate if the historians of Bennington

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had known some relatives of the hapless Redden.

At the end of John Spargo's book he mentions his unsuccessful attempt to find anyone

with the Redden/Redding name or "any of its variant forms" that could possibly have a record or family story that might connect them to David Redden. Spargo came in contact with many people who had the surname “Redden” or one of its variant forms. However, he ended his search when it was concluded that none of them were connected. Spargo later ended his exhaustive search, but not before he discovered facts about the

land grants in Canada to Abraham Redden and Jacob Reddin who are officially described as sons of Francis Redding, David’s brother, of Ernesttown Township.

For some unknown reason Spargo chose to not pursue his discovery further, but rather to leave it a mystery to be solved by someone choosing to inquire into the same case.

Spargo also was the one who first planned on removing the bones from the museum. He chose to "build a small tomb inside the enclosed yard of the museum and to place the bones of Redden in a hermetically sealed box inside the tomb."(33) He would then tell the story of David Redden on a "bronze tablet". The preceding plan appears to be a fair one. But when several of his friends received the idea, they despised it in the sense that it would honour a "traitor and spy".

Mr. Spargo wrote a wonderful book that told the story of David Redden and defended him as a soldier, not a common malefactor. So then why would Spargo not fulfill his desire to give Redden "sepulchre" by placing his bones in a tomb and making it a place of historial interest? The reason is simple.

Following Doctor Jonas Fay's "frustrated attempts to articulate Redding's skeleton", the bones were sent to Williamstown to a Doctor/General William Towner.(34) For some strange reason, Towner was successful in piecing together the bones. For two generations the bones served as a teaching tool at Williams College.(35) Eventually the bones were in the hands of a Judge Clarence M. Smith of Williamstown (a lineal descendant of General William Towner).(36) When Judge Smith was in possession of the skeleton, his children used to play with it as "if it were a toy".(37)

So many years later, when Spargo announced his plans to honour David Redden, he received a letter from a lady who claimed to be one of the children who used to play with "David Redden". "She viewed the bones much as she would view a favourite doll of her

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childhood days that had been brought to light out of a trunk stored in the attic."(38) Unfortunately, for John Spargo and for David Redden, this lady wanted to have the bones kept in a drawer or mounted together as they used to be. Her wishes were respected for many years.

The Redden Family

In a 1970 edition of The Loyalist Gazette, an article discussed Dr. H.C. Burleigh's

report from Bennington, Vermont on David Redden. This article questioned the

Bennington Museum's possession of the bones by asking, "should the bones of David Redden be brought to Canada and given decent burial in some Loyalist Cemetery or in a Redden family plot beside his kinfolk?" It should be remembered that David Redden did not live in Canada. But a burial in a Loyalist cemetery would not be out of question.

The belief that the bones should be brought to Canada is of course due to the fact that David's brother Francis settled in the British Colony and was a member of Sir John Johnson's 2nd Battalion of the King's Royal Regiment. This Regiment was stationed at Oswego, New York, near the end of the Revolutionary War, where it served as garrison.(39) In August of 1783, the Redden family made its first presence in what is now Canada when Sir John Johnson's 2nd Battalion was ordered to come to Cataraqui (Kingston) to help prepare for the refuguee Loyalists. This involved establishing a Loyalist refugee camp near the grounds where Fort Frontenac once stood, located on the property now occupied by the Canadian Military next to the Wolfe Island Ferry dock.

Later in 1783 Francis would retire from the army. He settled in Ernesttown township in Lennox and Addington County in 1786 and married Elizabeth Snider in 1789. They had eleven children whose families have spread out all over North America. If John Spargo had continued his research he may have come into contact with some of the descendants. But to much dismay, it is likely that he would have found little of what he was looking for. Descendants yes, answers no. The Redden family did not learn of David Redden until Marion (Redden) Bradley wrote The Reddens: A Family History in 1981.

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Conclusion

It is hoped that someday a special ceremony will take place at the grave site of David Redden. He was not a common criminal. He was a soldier, a Loyalist. He should have

been tried as a member of the enemy. But with no excuse his body was used for research and did not receive a semi-proper burial until the late 1970's.

In this essay the man known to many Vermonters and historians as "David Redding", and to descendants as “David Redden”, was discussed in order to argue that he was not a traitor as many believe him to be. This involved an analysis and explanation of his involvement with the Queen's Loyal Rangers. Secondly, the fact that most or all of the records of the trial and execution have been missing for more than two hundred years was discussed, which serves to indicate that a great travesty of justice took place. And thirdly, the "Redden" family was briefly discussed to explain that David Redden came from a Loyalist family. Essentially, David Redden could not have been a traitor because he was a Loyalist soldier and was never a citizen of the United States.

It should be noted that only a few members of the Redden family fully understand the history of David Redden. Those who have heard of him generally know him as a "horse thief" or a criminal. This knowledge should be changed. It is hoped that this essay will improve the perception of David Redden and allow future members of the Redden family to enjoy learning about their past.

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ENDNOTES

(1) Parks Canada, The Loyalists, Bicentennial Brochure.

(2) J.M.S. Careless, Canada: A Celebration of our Heritage, p. 34.

(3) Parks Canada, The Loyalists, Bicentennial Brochure.

(4) John Spargo, David Redding: Queen’s Ranger, Who Was Hanged In Bennington, Vermont, June 11, 1778,

p. 26.

(5) Dr. H.C. Burleigh, The Bones Of David Redding, p. 4.

(6) Ibid.

(7) Ibid.

(8) Hiland Hall, The History Of Vermont, From Its Discovery To Its Admission Into The Union In 1791, p. 278.

(9) Ibid., p. 279.

(10) Ibid.

(11) Ibid.

(12) Dr. H.C. Burleigh, The Bones of David Redding, p. 4.

(13) Ibid.

(14) Hiland Hall, The History of Vermont, From Its Discovery To Its Admission Into The Union in 1791, p. 279.

(15) John Spargo, David Redding: Queen’s Ranger, Who Was Hanged In Bennington, Vermont, June 11, 1778, p. 50.

(16) Ibid.

(17) Ibid.

(18) Ibid. p. 51.

(19) Ibid. p. 4.

(20) Ibid. p. 12.

(21) Ibid.

(22) Dr. H.C. Burleigh, The Bones Of David Redding, p. 3.

(23) John Spargo, David Redding: Queen’s Ranger, Who Was Hanged in Bennington, Vermont, June 11, 1778, p. 9.

(24) Ibid. p. 12.

(25) Ibid.

(26) Ibid., p. 14.

(27) Ibid.

(28) Ibid., p. 15.

(29) Dr. H.C. Burleigh, The Bones Of David Redding, p. 5.

(30) The United Empire Loyalists’ Association, The Loyalist Gazette, “Branch Reports – Bay Of Quinte”, Toronto: Autumn, 1970.

(31) Dr. H.C. Burleigh, The Bones Of David Redding, p. 5.

(32) Ibid.

(33) John Spargo, David Redding: Queen’s Ranger, Who Was Hanged In Bennington, Vermont, June 11, 1778, p. 65.

(34) Ibid., 64.

(35) Ibid.

(36) Ibid.

(37) Ibid.

(38) Ibid., p. 66.

(39) Marion (Redden) Bradley, The Reddens: A Family History, 1753 – 1981, p. 6.

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